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Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways
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| Zeitschriftentitel: | Frontiers in Earth Science |
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| Personen und Körperschaften: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| In: | Frontiers in Earth Science, 10, 2022 |
| Format: | E-Article |
| Sprache: | Unbestimmt |
| veröffentlicht: |
Frontiers Media SA
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| Schlagwörter: |
| author_facet |
Angelopoulos, Michael Damm, Ellen Simões Pereira, Patric Abrahamsson, Katarina Bauch, Dorothea Bowman, Jeff Castellani, Giulia Creamean, Jessie Divine, Dmitry V. Dumitrascu, Adela Fons, Steven W. Granskog, Mats A. Kolabutin, Nikolai Krumpen, Thomas Marsay, Chris Nicolaus, Marcel Oggier, Marc Rinke, Annette Sachs, Torsten Shimanchuk, Egor Stefels, Jacqueline Stephens, Mark Ulfsbo, Adam Verdugo, Josefa Wang, Lei Zhan, Liyang Haas, Christian Angelopoulos, Michael Damm, Ellen Simões Pereira, Patric Abrahamsson, Katarina Bauch, Dorothea Bowman, Jeff Castellani, Giulia Creamean, Jessie Divine, Dmitry V. Dumitrascu, Adela Fons, Steven W. Granskog, Mats A. Kolabutin, Nikolai Krumpen, Thomas Marsay, Chris Nicolaus, Marcel Oggier, Marc Rinke, Annette Sachs, Torsten Shimanchuk, Egor Stefels, Jacqueline Stephens, Mark Ulfsbo, Adam Verdugo, Josefa Wang, Lei Zhan, Liyang Haas, Christian |
|---|---|
| author |
Angelopoulos, Michael Damm, Ellen Simões Pereira, Patric Abrahamsson, Katarina Bauch, Dorothea Bowman, Jeff Castellani, Giulia Creamean, Jessie Divine, Dmitry V. Dumitrascu, Adela Fons, Steven W. Granskog, Mats A. Kolabutin, Nikolai Krumpen, Thomas Marsay, Chris Nicolaus, Marcel Oggier, Marc Rinke, Annette Sachs, Torsten Shimanchuk, Egor Stefels, Jacqueline Stephens, Mark Ulfsbo, Adam Verdugo, Josefa Wang, Lei Zhan, Liyang Haas, Christian |
| spellingShingle |
Angelopoulos, Michael Damm, Ellen Simões Pereira, Patric Abrahamsson, Katarina Bauch, Dorothea Bowman, Jeff Castellani, Giulia Creamean, Jessie Divine, Dmitry V. Dumitrascu, Adela Fons, Steven W. Granskog, Mats A. Kolabutin, Nikolai Krumpen, Thomas Marsay, Chris Nicolaus, Marcel Oggier, Marc Rinke, Annette Sachs, Torsten Shimanchuk, Egor Stefels, Jacqueline Stephens, Mark Ulfsbo, Adam Verdugo, Josefa Wang, Lei Zhan, Liyang Haas, Christian Frontiers in Earth Science Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways General Earth and Planetary Sciences |
| author_sort |
angelopoulos, michael |
| spelling |
Angelopoulos, Michael Damm, Ellen Simões Pereira, Patric Abrahamsson, Katarina Bauch, Dorothea Bowman, Jeff Castellani, Giulia Creamean, Jessie Divine, Dmitry V. Dumitrascu, Adela Fons, Steven W. Granskog, Mats A. Kolabutin, Nikolai Krumpen, Thomas Marsay, Chris Nicolaus, Marcel Oggier, Marc Rinke, Annette Sachs, Torsten Shimanchuk, Egor Stefels, Jacqueline Stephens, Mark Ulfsbo, Adam Verdugo, Josefa Wang, Lei Zhan, Liyang Haas, Christian 2296-6463 Frontiers Media SA General Earth and Planetary Sciences http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.864523 <jats:p>The increased fraction of first year ice (FYI) at the expense of old ice (second-year ice (SYI) and multi-year ice (MYI)) likely affects the permeability of the Arctic ice cover. This in turn influences the pathways of gases circulating therein and the exchange at interfaces with the atmosphere and ocean. We present sea ice temperature and salinity time series from different ice types relevant to temporal development of sea ice permeability and brine drainage efficiency from freeze-up in October to the onset of spring warming in May. Our study is based on a dataset collected during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) Expedition in 2019 and 2020. These physical properties were used to derive sea ice permeability and Rayleigh numbers. The main sites included FYI and SYI. The latter was composed of an upper layer of residual ice that had desalinated but survived the previous summer melt and became SYI. Below this ice a layer of new first-year ice formed. As the layer of new first-year ice has no direct contact with the atmosphere, we call it insulated first-year ice (IFYI). The residual/SYI-layer also contained refrozen melt ponds in some areas. During the freezing season, the residual/SYI-layer was consistently impermeable, acting as barrier for gas exchange between the atmosphere and ocean. While both FYI and SYI temperatures responded similarly to atmospheric warming events, SYI was more resilient to brine volume fraction changes because of its low salinity (<jats:inline-formula><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="m1"><mml:mo><</mml:mo></mml:math></jats:inline-formula>2). Furthermore, later bottom ice growth during spring warming was observed for SYI in comparison to FYI. The projected increase in the fraction of more permeable FYI in autumn and spring in the coming decades may favor gas exchange at the atmosphere-ice interface when sea ice acts as a source relative to the atmosphere. While the areal extent of old ice is decreasing, so is its thickness at the onset of freeze-up. Our study sets the foundation for studies on gas dynamics within the ice column and the gas exchange at both ice interfaces, i.e. with the atmosphere and the ocean.</jats:p> Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways Frontiers in Earth Science |
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| title |
Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways |
| title_unstemmed |
Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways |
| title_full |
Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways |
| title_fullStr |
Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways |
| title_short |
Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways |
| title_sort |
deciphering the properties of different arctic ice types during the growth phase of mosaic: implications for future studies on gas pathways |
| topic |
General Earth and Planetary Sciences |
| url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.864523 |
| publishDate |
2022 |
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| description |
<jats:p>The increased fraction of first year ice (FYI) at the expense of old ice (second-year ice (SYI) and multi-year ice (MYI)) likely affects the permeability of the Arctic ice cover. This in turn influences the pathways of gases circulating therein and the exchange at interfaces with the atmosphere and ocean. We present sea ice temperature and salinity time series from different ice types relevant to temporal development of sea ice permeability and brine drainage efficiency from freeze-up in October to the onset of spring warming in May. Our study is based on a dataset collected during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) Expedition in 2019 and 2020. These physical properties were used to derive sea ice permeability and Rayleigh numbers. The main sites included FYI and SYI. The latter was composed of an upper layer of residual ice that had desalinated but survived the previous summer melt and became SYI. Below this ice a layer of new first-year ice formed. As the layer of new first-year ice has no direct contact with the atmosphere, we call it insulated first-year ice (IFYI). The residual/SYI-layer also contained refrozen melt ponds in some areas. During the freezing season, the residual/SYI-layer was consistently impermeable, acting as barrier for gas exchange between the atmosphere and ocean. While both FYI and SYI temperatures responded similarly to atmospheric warming events, SYI was more resilient to brine volume fraction changes because of its low salinity (<jats:inline-formula><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="m1"><mml:mo><</mml:mo></mml:math></jats:inline-formula>2). Furthermore, later bottom ice growth during spring warming was observed for SYI in comparison to FYI. The projected increase in the fraction of more permeable FYI in autumn and spring in the coming decades may favor gas exchange at the atmosphere-ice interface when sea ice acts as a source relative to the atmosphere. While the areal extent of old ice is decreasing, so is its thickness at the onset of freeze-up. Our study sets the foundation for studies on gas dynamics within the ice column and the gas exchange at both ice interfaces, i.e. with the atmosphere and the ocean.</jats:p> |
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| author | Angelopoulos, Michael, Damm, Ellen, Simões Pereira, Patric, Abrahamsson, Katarina, Bauch, Dorothea, Bowman, Jeff, Castellani, Giulia, Creamean, Jessie, Divine, Dmitry V., Dumitrascu, Adela, Fons, Steven W., Granskog, Mats A., Kolabutin, Nikolai, Krumpen, Thomas, Marsay, Chris, Nicolaus, Marcel, Oggier, Marc, Rinke, Annette, Sachs, Torsten, Shimanchuk, Egor, Stefels, Jacqueline, Stephens, Mark, Ulfsbo, Adam, Verdugo, Josefa, Wang, Lei, Zhan, Liyang, Haas, Christian |
| author_facet | Angelopoulos, Michael, Damm, Ellen, Simões Pereira, Patric, Abrahamsson, Katarina, Bauch, Dorothea, Bowman, Jeff, Castellani, Giulia, Creamean, Jessie, Divine, Dmitry V., Dumitrascu, Adela, Fons, Steven W., Granskog, Mats A., Kolabutin, Nikolai, Krumpen, Thomas, Marsay, Chris, Nicolaus, Marcel, Oggier, Marc, Rinke, Annette, Sachs, Torsten, Shimanchuk, Egor, Stefels, Jacqueline, Stephens, Mark, Ulfsbo, Adam, Verdugo, Josefa, Wang, Lei, Zhan, Liyang, Haas, Christian, Angelopoulos, Michael, Damm, Ellen, Simões Pereira, Patric, Abrahamsson, Katarina, Bauch, Dorothea, Bowman, Jeff, Castellani, Giulia, Creamean, Jessie, Divine, Dmitry V., Dumitrascu, Adela, Fons, Steven W., Granskog, Mats A., Kolabutin, Nikolai, Krumpen, Thomas, Marsay, Chris, Nicolaus, Marcel, Oggier, Marc, Rinke, Annette, Sachs, Torsten, Shimanchuk, Egor, Stefels, Jacqueline, Stephens, Mark, Ulfsbo, Adam, Verdugo, Josefa, Wang, Lei, Zhan, Liyang, Haas, Christian |
| author_sort | angelopoulos, michael |
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| description | <jats:p>The increased fraction of first year ice (FYI) at the expense of old ice (second-year ice (SYI) and multi-year ice (MYI)) likely affects the permeability of the Arctic ice cover. This in turn influences the pathways of gases circulating therein and the exchange at interfaces with the atmosphere and ocean. We present sea ice temperature and salinity time series from different ice types relevant to temporal development of sea ice permeability and brine drainage efficiency from freeze-up in October to the onset of spring warming in May. Our study is based on a dataset collected during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) Expedition in 2019 and 2020. These physical properties were used to derive sea ice permeability and Rayleigh numbers. The main sites included FYI and SYI. The latter was composed of an upper layer of residual ice that had desalinated but survived the previous summer melt and became SYI. Below this ice a layer of new first-year ice formed. As the layer of new first-year ice has no direct contact with the atmosphere, we call it insulated first-year ice (IFYI). The residual/SYI-layer also contained refrozen melt ponds in some areas. During the freezing season, the residual/SYI-layer was consistently impermeable, acting as barrier for gas exchange between the atmosphere and ocean. While both FYI and SYI temperatures responded similarly to atmospheric warming events, SYI was more resilient to brine volume fraction changes because of its low salinity (<jats:inline-formula><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="m1"><mml:mo><</mml:mo></mml:math></jats:inline-formula>2). Furthermore, later bottom ice growth during spring warming was observed for SYI in comparison to FYI. The projected increase in the fraction of more permeable FYI in autumn and spring in the coming decades may favor gas exchange at the atmosphere-ice interface when sea ice acts as a source relative to the atmosphere. While the areal extent of old ice is decreasing, so is its thickness at the onset of freeze-up. Our study sets the foundation for studies on gas dynamics within the ice column and the gas exchange at both ice interfaces, i.e. with the atmosphere and the ocean.</jats:p> |
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| spelling | Angelopoulos, Michael Damm, Ellen Simões Pereira, Patric Abrahamsson, Katarina Bauch, Dorothea Bowman, Jeff Castellani, Giulia Creamean, Jessie Divine, Dmitry V. Dumitrascu, Adela Fons, Steven W. Granskog, Mats A. Kolabutin, Nikolai Krumpen, Thomas Marsay, Chris Nicolaus, Marcel Oggier, Marc Rinke, Annette Sachs, Torsten Shimanchuk, Egor Stefels, Jacqueline Stephens, Mark Ulfsbo, Adam Verdugo, Josefa Wang, Lei Zhan, Liyang Haas, Christian 2296-6463 Frontiers Media SA General Earth and Planetary Sciences http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.864523 <jats:p>The increased fraction of first year ice (FYI) at the expense of old ice (second-year ice (SYI) and multi-year ice (MYI)) likely affects the permeability of the Arctic ice cover. This in turn influences the pathways of gases circulating therein and the exchange at interfaces with the atmosphere and ocean. We present sea ice temperature and salinity time series from different ice types relevant to temporal development of sea ice permeability and brine drainage efficiency from freeze-up in October to the onset of spring warming in May. Our study is based on a dataset collected during the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) Expedition in 2019 and 2020. These physical properties were used to derive sea ice permeability and Rayleigh numbers. The main sites included FYI and SYI. The latter was composed of an upper layer of residual ice that had desalinated but survived the previous summer melt and became SYI. Below this ice a layer of new first-year ice formed. As the layer of new first-year ice has no direct contact with the atmosphere, we call it insulated first-year ice (IFYI). The residual/SYI-layer also contained refrozen melt ponds in some areas. During the freezing season, the residual/SYI-layer was consistently impermeable, acting as barrier for gas exchange between the atmosphere and ocean. While both FYI and SYI temperatures responded similarly to atmospheric warming events, SYI was more resilient to brine volume fraction changes because of its low salinity (<jats:inline-formula><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="m1"><mml:mo><</mml:mo></mml:math></jats:inline-formula>2). Furthermore, later bottom ice growth during spring warming was observed for SYI in comparison to FYI. The projected increase in the fraction of more permeable FYI in autumn and spring in the coming decades may favor gas exchange at the atmosphere-ice interface when sea ice acts as a source relative to the atmosphere. While the areal extent of old ice is decreasing, so is its thickness at the onset of freeze-up. Our study sets the foundation for studies on gas dynamics within the ice column and the gas exchange at both ice interfaces, i.e. with the atmosphere and the ocean.</jats:p> Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways Frontiers in Earth Science |
| spellingShingle | Angelopoulos, Michael, Damm, Ellen, Simões Pereira, Patric, Abrahamsson, Katarina, Bauch, Dorothea, Bowman, Jeff, Castellani, Giulia, Creamean, Jessie, Divine, Dmitry V., Dumitrascu, Adela, Fons, Steven W., Granskog, Mats A., Kolabutin, Nikolai, Krumpen, Thomas, Marsay, Chris, Nicolaus, Marcel, Oggier, Marc, Rinke, Annette, Sachs, Torsten, Shimanchuk, Egor, Stefels, Jacqueline, Stephens, Mark, Ulfsbo, Adam, Verdugo, Josefa, Wang, Lei, Zhan, Liyang, Haas, Christian, Frontiers in Earth Science, Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways, General Earth and Planetary Sciences |
| title | Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways |
| title_full | Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways |
| title_fullStr | Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways |
| title_full_unstemmed | Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways |
| title_short | Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways |
| title_sort | deciphering the properties of different arctic ice types during the growth phase of mosaic: implications for future studies on gas pathways |
| title_unstemmed | Deciphering the Properties of Different Arctic Ice Types During the Growth Phase of MOSAiC: Implications for Future Studies on Gas Pathways |
| topic | General Earth and Planetary Sciences |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.864523 |