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Occurrence of Condensed Tannins in Wheat and Feasibility for Reducing Pasture Bloat
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| Zeitschriftentitel: | Crop Science |
|---|---|
| Personen und Körperschaften: | , , |
| In: | Crop Science, 48, 2008, 6, S. 2470-2480 |
| Format: | E-Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| veröffentlicht: |
Wiley
|
| Schlagwörter: |
| author_facet |
MacKown, Charles T. Carver, Brett F. Edwards, Jeffrey T. MacKown, Charles T. Carver, Brett F. Edwards, Jeffrey T. |
|---|---|
| author |
MacKown, Charles T. Carver, Brett F. Edwards, Jeffrey T. |
| spellingShingle |
MacKown, Charles T. Carver, Brett F. Edwards, Jeffrey T. Crop Science Occurrence of Condensed Tannins in Wheat and Feasibility for Reducing Pasture Bloat Agronomy and Crop Science |
| author_sort |
mackown, charles t. |
| spelling |
MacKown, Charles T. Carver, Brett F. Edwards, Jeffrey T. 0011-183X 1435-0653 Wiley Agronomy and Crop Science http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2008.01.0020 <jats:p>Bloat can be a serious problem for ruminant livestock grazing pastures of winter wheat (<jats:italic>Triticum aestivum</jats:italic> L.) in the southern Great Plains. Tannins in forage can reduce the incidence and severity of bloat. We measured the content and variability of total phenolics and condensed tannins (CT) in forage extracts from wheat varieties and experimental lines (ExpLines) to assess the feasibility of developing improved varieties using conventional breeding methods to give producers a choice to reduce the incidence of bloat. Forage of 16 winter wheat varieties were collected in late fall at the start of grazing. Also, late fall forage samples and regrowth from late fall clipped forage and unclipped growth before jointing were collected for 221 diverse ExpLines and four Check varieties. Among the 16 adapted winter wheat varieties significant differences for the acid‐butanol but not the vanillin CT assay were observed. Among the ExpLines, significant differences in extractable total phenolics were detected (range for all samples collected, 8.9–31.5 mg tannic acid g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> dry wt.) and for one of the three forage collections using each CT assay. While we observed differences in CT reactive substances among the ExpLines, even the greatest equivalent amounts detected (12 mg quebracho g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> dry wt. and 0.67 mg epicatechin g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> dry wt.) are unlikely sufficient to render the forage bloat‐safe. Perhaps those experimental lines with the most abundant CT levels could be used in a selection program to increase the level of CT in wheat forage.</jats:p> Occurrence of Condensed Tannins in Wheat and Feasibility for Reducing Pasture Bloat Crop Science |
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| title |
Occurrence of Condensed Tannins in Wheat and Feasibility for Reducing Pasture Bloat |
| title_unstemmed |
Occurrence of Condensed Tannins in Wheat and Feasibility for Reducing Pasture Bloat |
| title_full |
Occurrence of Condensed Tannins in Wheat and Feasibility for Reducing Pasture Bloat |
| title_fullStr |
Occurrence of Condensed Tannins in Wheat and Feasibility for Reducing Pasture Bloat |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Occurrence of Condensed Tannins in Wheat and Feasibility for Reducing Pasture Bloat |
| title_short |
Occurrence of Condensed Tannins in Wheat and Feasibility for Reducing Pasture Bloat |
| title_sort |
occurrence of condensed tannins in wheat and feasibility for reducing pasture bloat |
| topic |
Agronomy and Crop Science |
| url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2008.01.0020 |
| publishDate |
2008 |
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2470-2480 |
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<jats:p>Bloat can be a serious problem for ruminant livestock grazing pastures of winter wheat (<jats:italic>Triticum aestivum</jats:italic> L.) in the southern Great Plains. Tannins in forage can reduce the incidence and severity of bloat. We measured the content and variability of total phenolics and condensed tannins (CT) in forage extracts from wheat varieties and experimental lines (ExpLines) to assess the feasibility of developing improved varieties using conventional breeding methods to give producers a choice to reduce the incidence of bloat. Forage of 16 winter wheat varieties were collected in late fall at the start of grazing. Also, late fall forage samples and regrowth from late fall clipped forage and unclipped growth before jointing were collected for 221 diverse ExpLines and four Check varieties. Among the 16 adapted winter wheat varieties significant differences for the acid‐butanol but not the vanillin CT assay were observed. Among the ExpLines, significant differences in extractable total phenolics were detected (range for all samples collected, 8.9–31.5 mg tannic acid g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> dry wt.) and for one of the three forage collections using each CT assay. While we observed differences in CT reactive substances among the ExpLines, even the greatest equivalent amounts detected (12 mg quebracho g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> dry wt. and 0.67 mg epicatechin g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> dry wt.) are unlikely sufficient to render the forage bloat‐safe. Perhaps those experimental lines with the most abundant CT levels could be used in a selection program to increase the level of CT in wheat forage.</jats:p> |
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| author | MacKown, Charles T., Carver, Brett F., Edwards, Jeffrey T. |
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| description | <jats:p>Bloat can be a serious problem for ruminant livestock grazing pastures of winter wheat (<jats:italic>Triticum aestivum</jats:italic> L.) in the southern Great Plains. Tannins in forage can reduce the incidence and severity of bloat. We measured the content and variability of total phenolics and condensed tannins (CT) in forage extracts from wheat varieties and experimental lines (ExpLines) to assess the feasibility of developing improved varieties using conventional breeding methods to give producers a choice to reduce the incidence of bloat. Forage of 16 winter wheat varieties were collected in late fall at the start of grazing. Also, late fall forage samples and regrowth from late fall clipped forage and unclipped growth before jointing were collected for 221 diverse ExpLines and four Check varieties. Among the 16 adapted winter wheat varieties significant differences for the acid‐butanol but not the vanillin CT assay were observed. Among the ExpLines, significant differences in extractable total phenolics were detected (range for all samples collected, 8.9–31.5 mg tannic acid g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> dry wt.) and for one of the three forage collections using each CT assay. While we observed differences in CT reactive substances among the ExpLines, even the greatest equivalent amounts detected (12 mg quebracho g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> dry wt. and 0.67 mg epicatechin g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> dry wt.) are unlikely sufficient to render the forage bloat‐safe. Perhaps those experimental lines with the most abundant CT levels could be used in a selection program to increase the level of CT in wheat forage.</jats:p> |
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| imprint | Wiley, 2008 |
| imprint_str_mv | Wiley, 2008 |
| institution | DE-D161, DE-Gla1, DE-Zi4, DE-15, DE-Pl11, DE-Rs1, DE-105, DE-14, DE-Ch1, DE-L229, DE-D275, DE-Bn3, DE-Brt1 |
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| spelling | MacKown, Charles T. Carver, Brett F. Edwards, Jeffrey T. 0011-183X 1435-0653 Wiley Agronomy and Crop Science http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2008.01.0020 <jats:p>Bloat can be a serious problem for ruminant livestock grazing pastures of winter wheat (<jats:italic>Triticum aestivum</jats:italic> L.) in the southern Great Plains. Tannins in forage can reduce the incidence and severity of bloat. We measured the content and variability of total phenolics and condensed tannins (CT) in forage extracts from wheat varieties and experimental lines (ExpLines) to assess the feasibility of developing improved varieties using conventional breeding methods to give producers a choice to reduce the incidence of bloat. Forage of 16 winter wheat varieties were collected in late fall at the start of grazing. Also, late fall forage samples and regrowth from late fall clipped forage and unclipped growth before jointing were collected for 221 diverse ExpLines and four Check varieties. Among the 16 adapted winter wheat varieties significant differences for the acid‐butanol but not the vanillin CT assay were observed. Among the ExpLines, significant differences in extractable total phenolics were detected (range for all samples collected, 8.9–31.5 mg tannic acid g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> dry wt.) and for one of the three forage collections using each CT assay. While we observed differences in CT reactive substances among the ExpLines, even the greatest equivalent amounts detected (12 mg quebracho g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> dry wt. and 0.67 mg epicatechin g<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> dry wt.) are unlikely sufficient to render the forage bloat‐safe. Perhaps those experimental lines with the most abundant CT levels could be used in a selection program to increase the level of CT in wheat forage.</jats:p> Occurrence of Condensed Tannins in Wheat and Feasibility for Reducing Pasture Bloat Crop Science |
| spellingShingle | MacKown, Charles T., Carver, Brett F., Edwards, Jeffrey T., Crop Science, Occurrence of Condensed Tannins in Wheat and Feasibility for Reducing Pasture Bloat, Agronomy and Crop Science |
| title | Occurrence of Condensed Tannins in Wheat and Feasibility for Reducing Pasture Bloat |
| title_full | Occurrence of Condensed Tannins in Wheat and Feasibility for Reducing Pasture Bloat |
| title_fullStr | Occurrence of Condensed Tannins in Wheat and Feasibility for Reducing Pasture Bloat |
| title_full_unstemmed | Occurrence of Condensed Tannins in Wheat and Feasibility for Reducing Pasture Bloat |
| title_short | Occurrence of Condensed Tannins in Wheat and Feasibility for Reducing Pasture Bloat |
| title_sort | occurrence of condensed tannins in wheat and feasibility for reducing pasture bloat |
| title_unstemmed | Occurrence of Condensed Tannins in Wheat and Feasibility for Reducing Pasture Bloat |
| topic | Agronomy and Crop Science |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2008.01.0020 |