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Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems
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| Zeitschriftentitel: | Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology |
|---|---|
| Personen und Körperschaften: | , , , |
| In: | Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 96, 2018, 10, S. 991-1003 |
| Format: | E-Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| veröffentlicht: |
Canadian Science Publishing
|
| Schlagwörter: |
| author_facet |
Djuric, Dragan Jakovljevic, Vladimir Zivkovic, Vladimir Srejovic, Ivan Djuric, Dragan Jakovljevic, Vladimir Zivkovic, Vladimir Srejovic, Ivan |
|---|---|
| author |
Djuric, Dragan Jakovljevic, Vladimir Zivkovic, Vladimir Srejovic, Ivan |
| spellingShingle |
Djuric, Dragan Jakovljevic, Vladimir Zivkovic, Vladimir Srejovic, Ivan Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems Physiology (medical) Pharmacology General Medicine Physiology |
| author_sort |
djuric, dragan |
| spelling |
Djuric, Dragan Jakovljevic, Vladimir Zivkovic, Vladimir Srejovic, Ivan 0008-4212 1205-7541 Canadian Science Publishing Physiology (medical) Pharmacology General Medicine Physiology http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2018-0112 <jats:p>Homocysteine, an amino acid containing a sulfhydryl group, is an intermediate product during metabolism of the amino acids methionine and cysteine. Hyperhomocysteinemia is used as a predictive risk factor for cardiovascular disorders, the stroke progression, screening for inborn errors of methionine metabolism, and as a supplementary test for vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub>deficiency. Two organic systems in which homocysteine has the most harmful effects are the cardiovascular and nervous system. The adverse effects of homocysteine are achieved by the action of several different mechanisms, such as overactivation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors, activation of Toll-like receptor 4, disturbance in Ca<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup>handling, increased activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase and subsequent increase of production of reactive oxygen species, increased activity of nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide synthase uncoupling and consequent impairment in nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species synthesis. Increased production of reactive species during hyperhomocysteinemia is related with increased expression of several proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, and intracellular adhesion molecule-1. All these mechanisms contribute to the emergence of diseases like atherosclerosis and related complications such as myocardial infarction, stroke, aortic aneurysm, as well as Alzheimer disease and epilepsy. This review provides evidence that supports the causal role for hyperhomocysteinemia in the development of cardiovascular disease and nervous system disorders.</jats:p> Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology |
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| title |
Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems |
| title_unstemmed |
Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems |
| title_full |
Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems |
| title_fullStr |
Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems |
| title_short |
Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems |
| title_sort |
homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems |
| topic |
Physiology (medical) Pharmacology General Medicine Physiology |
| url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2018-0112 |
| publishDate |
2018 |
| physical |
991-1003 |
| description |
<jats:p>Homocysteine, an amino acid containing a sulfhydryl group, is an intermediate product during metabolism of the amino acids methionine and cysteine. Hyperhomocysteinemia is used as a predictive risk factor for cardiovascular disorders, the stroke progression, screening for inborn errors of methionine metabolism, and as a supplementary test for vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub>deficiency. Two organic systems in which homocysteine has the most harmful effects are the cardiovascular and nervous system. The adverse effects of homocysteine are achieved by the action of several different mechanisms, such as overactivation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors, activation of Toll-like receptor 4, disturbance in Ca<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup>handling, increased activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase and subsequent increase of production of reactive oxygen species, increased activity of nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide synthase uncoupling and consequent impairment in nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species synthesis. Increased production of reactive species during hyperhomocysteinemia is related with increased expression of several proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, and intracellular adhesion molecule-1. All these mechanisms contribute to the emergence of diseases like atherosclerosis and related complications such as myocardial infarction, stroke, aortic aneurysm, as well as Alzheimer disease and epilepsy. This review provides evidence that supports the causal role for hyperhomocysteinemia in the development of cardiovascular disease and nervous system disorders.</jats:p> |
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| author | Djuric, Dragan, Jakovljevic, Vladimir, Zivkovic, Vladimir, Srejovic, Ivan |
| author_facet | Djuric, Dragan, Jakovljevic, Vladimir, Zivkovic, Vladimir, Srejovic, Ivan, Djuric, Dragan, Jakovljevic, Vladimir, Zivkovic, Vladimir, Srejovic, Ivan |
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| description | <jats:p>Homocysteine, an amino acid containing a sulfhydryl group, is an intermediate product during metabolism of the amino acids methionine and cysteine. Hyperhomocysteinemia is used as a predictive risk factor for cardiovascular disorders, the stroke progression, screening for inborn errors of methionine metabolism, and as a supplementary test for vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub>deficiency. Two organic systems in which homocysteine has the most harmful effects are the cardiovascular and nervous system. The adverse effects of homocysteine are achieved by the action of several different mechanisms, such as overactivation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors, activation of Toll-like receptor 4, disturbance in Ca<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup>handling, increased activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase and subsequent increase of production of reactive oxygen species, increased activity of nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide synthase uncoupling and consequent impairment in nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species synthesis. Increased production of reactive species during hyperhomocysteinemia is related with increased expression of several proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, and intracellular adhesion molecule-1. All these mechanisms contribute to the emergence of diseases like atherosclerosis and related complications such as myocardial infarction, stroke, aortic aneurysm, as well as Alzheimer disease and epilepsy. This review provides evidence that supports the causal role for hyperhomocysteinemia in the development of cardiovascular disease and nervous system disorders.</jats:p> |
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| spelling | Djuric, Dragan Jakovljevic, Vladimir Zivkovic, Vladimir Srejovic, Ivan 0008-4212 1205-7541 Canadian Science Publishing Physiology (medical) Pharmacology General Medicine Physiology http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2018-0112 <jats:p>Homocysteine, an amino acid containing a sulfhydryl group, is an intermediate product during metabolism of the amino acids methionine and cysteine. Hyperhomocysteinemia is used as a predictive risk factor for cardiovascular disorders, the stroke progression, screening for inborn errors of methionine metabolism, and as a supplementary test for vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub>deficiency. Two organic systems in which homocysteine has the most harmful effects are the cardiovascular and nervous system. The adverse effects of homocysteine are achieved by the action of several different mechanisms, such as overactivation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors, activation of Toll-like receptor 4, disturbance in Ca<jats:sup>2+</jats:sup>handling, increased activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase and subsequent increase of production of reactive oxygen species, increased activity of nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide synthase uncoupling and consequent impairment in nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species synthesis. Increased production of reactive species during hyperhomocysteinemia is related with increased expression of several proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MCP-1, and intracellular adhesion molecule-1. All these mechanisms contribute to the emergence of diseases like atherosclerosis and related complications such as myocardial infarction, stroke, aortic aneurysm, as well as Alzheimer disease and epilepsy. This review provides evidence that supports the causal role for hyperhomocysteinemia in the development of cardiovascular disease and nervous system disorders.</jats:p> Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology |
| spellingShingle | Djuric, Dragan, Jakovljevic, Vladimir, Zivkovic, Vladimir, Srejovic, Ivan, Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems, Physiology (medical), Pharmacology, General Medicine, Physiology |
| title | Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems |
| title_full | Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems |
| title_fullStr | Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems |
| title_short | Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems |
| title_sort | homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems |
| title_unstemmed | Homocysteine and homocysteine-related compounds: an overview of the roles in the pathology of the cardiovascular and nervous systems |
| topic | Physiology (medical), Pharmacology, General Medicine, Physiology |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2018-0112 |