author_facet van Leeuwen, Timo
Vanhoof, Marie J. M.
Kerkhof, Faes D.
Stevens, Jeroen M. G.
Vereecke, Evie E.
van Leeuwen, Timo
Vanhoof, Marie J. M.
Kerkhof, Faes D.
Stevens, Jeroen M. G.
Vereecke, Evie E.
author van Leeuwen, Timo
Vanhoof, Marie J. M.
Kerkhof, Faes D.
Stevens, Jeroen M. G.
Vereecke, Evie E.
spellingShingle van Leeuwen, Timo
Vanhoof, Marie J. M.
Kerkhof, Faes D.
Stevens, Jeroen M. G.
Vereecke, Evie E.
Journal of Anatomy
Insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand
Cell Biology
Developmental Biology
Molecular Biology
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Histology
Anatomy
author_sort van leeuwen, timo
spelling van Leeuwen, Timo Vanhoof, Marie J. M. Kerkhof, Faes D. Stevens, Jeroen M. G. Vereecke, Evie E. 0021-8782 1469-7580 Wiley Cell Biology Developmental Biology Molecular Biology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Histology Anatomy http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joa.12841 <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The human hand is well known for its unique dexterity which is largely facilitated by a highly mobile, long and powerful thumb that enables both tool manufacturing and use, a key component of human evolution. The bonobo (<jats:italic>Pan paniscus</jats:italic>), the closest extant relative to modern humans together with the chimpanzee (<jats:italic>Pan troglodytes</jats:italic>), also possesses good manipulative capabilities but with a lower level of dexterity compared with modern humans. Despite the close phylogenetic relationship between bonobos and humans, detailed quantitative data of the bonobo forelimb musculature remains largely lacking. To understand how morphology may influence dexterity, we investigated the functional anatomy of the bonobo hand using a unique sample of eight bonobo cadavers, along with one chimpanzee and one human (<jats:italic>Homo sapiens</jats:italic>) cadaver. We performed detailed dissections of unembalmed specimens to collect quantitative datasets of the extrinsic and intrinsic hand musculature, in addition to qualitative descriptions of the forelimb muscle configurations, allowing estimation of force‐generating capacities for each functional group. Furthermore, we used medical imaging to quantify the articular surface of the trapeziometacarpal joint to estimate the intra‐articular pressure. Our results show that the force‐generating capacity for most functional groups of the extrinsic and intrinsic hand muscles in bonobos is largely similar to that of humans, with differences in relative importance of the extensors and rotators. The bonobo thumb musculature has a lower force‐generating capacity than observed in the human specimen, but the estimated maximal intra‐articular pressure is higher in bonobos. Most importantly, bonobos show a higher degree of functional coupling between the muscles of the thumb, index and lateral fingers than observed in humans. It is conceivable that differentiation and individualization of the hand muscles rather than relative muscle development explain the higher level of dexterity of humans compared with that of bonobos.</jats:p> Insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand Journal of Anatomy
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title Insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand
title_unstemmed Insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand
title_full Insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand
title_fullStr Insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand
title_full_unstemmed Insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand
title_short Insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand
title_sort insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand
topic Cell Biology
Developmental Biology
Molecular Biology
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Histology
Anatomy
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joa.12841
publishDate 2018
physical 328-340
description <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The human hand is well known for its unique dexterity which is largely facilitated by a highly mobile, long and powerful thumb that enables both tool manufacturing and use, a key component of human evolution. The bonobo (<jats:italic>Pan paniscus</jats:italic>), the closest extant relative to modern humans together with the chimpanzee (<jats:italic>Pan troglodytes</jats:italic>), also possesses good manipulative capabilities but with a lower level of dexterity compared with modern humans. Despite the close phylogenetic relationship between bonobos and humans, detailed quantitative data of the bonobo forelimb musculature remains largely lacking. To understand how morphology may influence dexterity, we investigated the functional anatomy of the bonobo hand using a unique sample of eight bonobo cadavers, along with one chimpanzee and one human (<jats:italic>Homo sapiens</jats:italic>) cadaver. We performed detailed dissections of unembalmed specimens to collect quantitative datasets of the extrinsic and intrinsic hand musculature, in addition to qualitative descriptions of the forelimb muscle configurations, allowing estimation of force‐generating capacities for each functional group. Furthermore, we used medical imaging to quantify the articular surface of the trapeziometacarpal joint to estimate the intra‐articular pressure. Our results show that the force‐generating capacity for most functional groups of the extrinsic and intrinsic hand muscles in bonobos is largely similar to that of humans, with differences in relative importance of the extensors and rotators. The bonobo thumb musculature has a lower force‐generating capacity than observed in the human specimen, but the estimated maximal intra‐articular pressure is higher in bonobos. Most importantly, bonobos show a higher degree of functional coupling between the muscles of the thumb, index and lateral fingers than observed in humans. It is conceivable that differentiation and individualization of the hand muscles rather than relative muscle development explain the higher level of dexterity of humans compared with that of bonobos.</jats:p>
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author van Leeuwen, Timo, Vanhoof, Marie J. M., Kerkhof, Faes D., Stevens, Jeroen M. G., Vereecke, Evie E.
author_facet van Leeuwen, Timo, Vanhoof, Marie J. M., Kerkhof, Faes D., Stevens, Jeroen M. G., Vereecke, Evie E., van Leeuwen, Timo, Vanhoof, Marie J. M., Kerkhof, Faes D., Stevens, Jeroen M. G., Vereecke, Evie E.
author_sort van leeuwen, timo
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description <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The human hand is well known for its unique dexterity which is largely facilitated by a highly mobile, long and powerful thumb that enables both tool manufacturing and use, a key component of human evolution. The bonobo (<jats:italic>Pan paniscus</jats:italic>), the closest extant relative to modern humans together with the chimpanzee (<jats:italic>Pan troglodytes</jats:italic>), also possesses good manipulative capabilities but with a lower level of dexterity compared with modern humans. Despite the close phylogenetic relationship between bonobos and humans, detailed quantitative data of the bonobo forelimb musculature remains largely lacking. To understand how morphology may influence dexterity, we investigated the functional anatomy of the bonobo hand using a unique sample of eight bonobo cadavers, along with one chimpanzee and one human (<jats:italic>Homo sapiens</jats:italic>) cadaver. We performed detailed dissections of unembalmed specimens to collect quantitative datasets of the extrinsic and intrinsic hand musculature, in addition to qualitative descriptions of the forelimb muscle configurations, allowing estimation of force‐generating capacities for each functional group. Furthermore, we used medical imaging to quantify the articular surface of the trapeziometacarpal joint to estimate the intra‐articular pressure. Our results show that the force‐generating capacity for most functional groups of the extrinsic and intrinsic hand muscles in bonobos is largely similar to that of humans, with differences in relative importance of the extensors and rotators. The bonobo thumb musculature has a lower force‐generating capacity than observed in the human specimen, but the estimated maximal intra‐articular pressure is higher in bonobos. Most importantly, bonobos show a higher degree of functional coupling between the muscles of the thumb, index and lateral fingers than observed in humans. It is conceivable that differentiation and individualization of the hand muscles rather than relative muscle development explain the higher level of dexterity of humans compared with that of bonobos.</jats:p>
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spelling van Leeuwen, Timo Vanhoof, Marie J. M. Kerkhof, Faes D. Stevens, Jeroen M. G. Vereecke, Evie E. 0021-8782 1469-7580 Wiley Cell Biology Developmental Biology Molecular Biology Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Histology Anatomy http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joa.12841 <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>The human hand is well known for its unique dexterity which is largely facilitated by a highly mobile, long and powerful thumb that enables both tool manufacturing and use, a key component of human evolution. The bonobo (<jats:italic>Pan paniscus</jats:italic>), the closest extant relative to modern humans together with the chimpanzee (<jats:italic>Pan troglodytes</jats:italic>), also possesses good manipulative capabilities but with a lower level of dexterity compared with modern humans. Despite the close phylogenetic relationship between bonobos and humans, detailed quantitative data of the bonobo forelimb musculature remains largely lacking. To understand how morphology may influence dexterity, we investigated the functional anatomy of the bonobo hand using a unique sample of eight bonobo cadavers, along with one chimpanzee and one human (<jats:italic>Homo sapiens</jats:italic>) cadaver. We performed detailed dissections of unembalmed specimens to collect quantitative datasets of the extrinsic and intrinsic hand musculature, in addition to qualitative descriptions of the forelimb muscle configurations, allowing estimation of force‐generating capacities for each functional group. Furthermore, we used medical imaging to quantify the articular surface of the trapeziometacarpal joint to estimate the intra‐articular pressure. Our results show that the force‐generating capacity for most functional groups of the extrinsic and intrinsic hand muscles in bonobos is largely similar to that of humans, with differences in relative importance of the extensors and rotators. The bonobo thumb musculature has a lower force‐generating capacity than observed in the human specimen, but the estimated maximal intra‐articular pressure is higher in bonobos. Most importantly, bonobos show a higher degree of functional coupling between the muscles of the thumb, index and lateral fingers than observed in humans. It is conceivable that differentiation and individualization of the hand muscles rather than relative muscle development explain the higher level of dexterity of humans compared with that of bonobos.</jats:p> Insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand Journal of Anatomy
spellingShingle van Leeuwen, Timo, Vanhoof, Marie J. M., Kerkhof, Faes D., Stevens, Jeroen M. G., Vereecke, Evie E., Journal of Anatomy, Insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand, Cell Biology, Developmental Biology, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Histology, Anatomy
title Insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand
title_full Insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand
title_fullStr Insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand
title_full_unstemmed Insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand
title_short Insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand
title_sort insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand
title_unstemmed Insights into the musculature of the bonobo hand
topic Cell Biology, Developmental Biology, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Histology, Anatomy
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joa.12841