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Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of LED lighting on bats
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| Zeitschriftentitel: | Global Change Biology |
|---|---|
| Personen und Körperschaften: | , , |
| In: | Global Change Biology, 18, 2012, 8, S. 2458-2465 |
| Format: | E-Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| veröffentlicht: |
Wiley
|
| Schlagwörter: |
| author_facet |
Stone, Emma L. Jones, Gareth Harris, Stephen Stone, Emma L. Jones, Gareth Harris, Stephen |
|---|---|
| author |
Stone, Emma L. Jones, Gareth Harris, Stephen |
| spellingShingle |
Stone, Emma L. Jones, Gareth Harris, Stephen Global Change Biology Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of LED lighting on bats General Environmental Science Ecology Environmental Chemistry Global and Planetary Change |
| author_sort |
stone, emma l. |
| spelling |
Stone, Emma L. Jones, Gareth Harris, Stephen 1354-1013 1365-2486 Wiley General Environmental Science Ecology Environmental Chemistry Global and Planetary Change http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02705.x <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Artificial lighting is a key biodiversity threat and produces 1900 million tonnes of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case"> <jats:roman>CO</jats:roman> </jats:styled-content> <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> emissions globally, more than three times that produced by aviation. The need to meet climate change targets has led to a global increase in energy‐efficient light sources such as high‐brightness light‐emitting diodes (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content>s). Despite the energetic benefits of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content>s, their ecological impacts have not been tested. Using an experimental approach, we show that <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content> street lights caused a reduction in activity of slow‐flying bats (<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">R</jats:styled-content>hinolophus hipposideros</jats:italic> and <jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">M</jats:styled-content>yotis</jats:italic> spp.). Both <jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">R</jats:styled-content>. hipposideros</jats:italic> and <jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">M</jats:styled-content>yotis</jats:italic> spp. activities were significantly reduced even during low light levels of 3.6 lux. There was no effect of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content> lighting on the relatively fast‐flying <jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">P</jats:styled-content>ipistrellus pipistrellus</jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">P</jats:styled-content>ipistrellus pygmaeus</jats:italic> and <jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">N</jats:styled-content>yctalus/<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">E</jats:styled-content>ptesicus</jats:italic> spp. We provide the first evidence of the effects of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content> lights on bats. Despite having considerable energy‐saving benefits, <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content> lights can potentially fragment commuting routes for bats with associated negative conservation consequences. Our results add to the growing evidence of negative impacts of lighting on a wide range of taxa. We highlight the complexities involved in simultaneously meeting targets for reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity loss. New lighting strategies should integrate climate change targets with the cultural, social and ecological impacts of emerging lighting technologies.</jats:p> Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of <scp>LED</scp> lighting on bats Global Change Biology |
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10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02705.x |
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Chemie und Pharmazie Geologie und Paläontologie Physik Geographie Technik |
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Global Change Biology |
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| title |
Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of LED lighting on bats |
| title_unstemmed |
Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of LED lighting on bats |
| title_full |
Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of LED lighting on bats |
| title_fullStr |
Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of LED lighting on bats |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of LED lighting on bats |
| title_short |
Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of LED lighting on bats |
| title_sort |
conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? impacts of <scp>led</scp> lighting on bats |
| topic |
General Environmental Science Ecology Environmental Chemistry Global and Planetary Change |
| url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02705.x |
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2012 |
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2458-2465 |
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<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Artificial lighting is a key biodiversity threat and produces 1900 million tonnes of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">
<jats:roman>CO</jats:roman>
</jats:styled-content>
<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> emissions globally, more than three times that produced by aviation. The need to meet climate change targets has led to a global increase in energy‐efficient light sources such as high‐brightness light‐emitting diodes (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content>s). Despite the energetic benefits of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content>s, their ecological impacts have not been tested. Using an experimental approach, we show that <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content> street lights caused a reduction in activity of slow‐flying bats (<jats:italic>
<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">R</jats:styled-content>hinolophus hipposideros</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>
<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">M</jats:styled-content>yotis</jats:italic> spp.). Both <jats:italic>
<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">R</jats:styled-content>. hipposideros</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>
<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">M</jats:styled-content>yotis</jats:italic> spp. activities were significantly reduced even during low light levels of 3.6 lux. There was no effect of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content> lighting on the relatively fast‐flying <jats:italic>
<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">P</jats:styled-content>ipistrellus pipistrellus</jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">P</jats:styled-content>ipistrellus pygmaeus</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>
<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">N</jats:styled-content>yctalus/<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">E</jats:styled-content>ptesicus</jats:italic> spp. We provide the first evidence of the effects of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content> lights on bats. Despite having considerable energy‐saving benefits, <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content> lights can potentially fragment commuting routes for bats with associated negative conservation consequences. Our results add to the growing evidence of negative impacts of lighting on a wide range of taxa. We highlight the complexities involved in simultaneously meeting targets for reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity loss. New lighting strategies should integrate climate change targets with the cultural, social and ecological impacts of emerging lighting technologies.</jats:p> |
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| description | <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Artificial lighting is a key biodiversity threat and produces 1900 million tonnes of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case"> <jats:roman>CO</jats:roman> </jats:styled-content> <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> emissions globally, more than three times that produced by aviation. The need to meet climate change targets has led to a global increase in energy‐efficient light sources such as high‐brightness light‐emitting diodes (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content>s). Despite the energetic benefits of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content>s, their ecological impacts have not been tested. Using an experimental approach, we show that <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content> street lights caused a reduction in activity of slow‐flying bats (<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">R</jats:styled-content>hinolophus hipposideros</jats:italic> and <jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">M</jats:styled-content>yotis</jats:italic> spp.). Both <jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">R</jats:styled-content>. hipposideros</jats:italic> and <jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">M</jats:styled-content>yotis</jats:italic> spp. activities were significantly reduced even during low light levels of 3.6 lux. There was no effect of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content> lighting on the relatively fast‐flying <jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">P</jats:styled-content>ipistrellus pipistrellus</jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">P</jats:styled-content>ipistrellus pygmaeus</jats:italic> and <jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">N</jats:styled-content>yctalus/<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">E</jats:styled-content>ptesicus</jats:italic> spp. We provide the first evidence of the effects of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content> lights on bats. Despite having considerable energy‐saving benefits, <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content> lights can potentially fragment commuting routes for bats with associated negative conservation consequences. Our results add to the growing evidence of negative impacts of lighting on a wide range of taxa. We highlight the complexities involved in simultaneously meeting targets for reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity loss. New lighting strategies should integrate climate change targets with the cultural, social and ecological impacts of emerging lighting technologies.</jats:p> |
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| spelling | Stone, Emma L. Jones, Gareth Harris, Stephen 1354-1013 1365-2486 Wiley General Environmental Science Ecology Environmental Chemistry Global and Planetary Change http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02705.x <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Artificial lighting is a key biodiversity threat and produces 1900 million tonnes of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case"> <jats:roman>CO</jats:roman> </jats:styled-content> <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> emissions globally, more than three times that produced by aviation. The need to meet climate change targets has led to a global increase in energy‐efficient light sources such as high‐brightness light‐emitting diodes (<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content>s). Despite the energetic benefits of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content>s, their ecological impacts have not been tested. Using an experimental approach, we show that <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content> street lights caused a reduction in activity of slow‐flying bats (<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">R</jats:styled-content>hinolophus hipposideros</jats:italic> and <jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">M</jats:styled-content>yotis</jats:italic> spp.). Both <jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">R</jats:styled-content>. hipposideros</jats:italic> and <jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">M</jats:styled-content>yotis</jats:italic> spp. activities were significantly reduced even during low light levels of 3.6 lux. There was no effect of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content> lighting on the relatively fast‐flying <jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">P</jats:styled-content>ipistrellus pipistrellus</jats:italic>,<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">P</jats:styled-content>ipistrellus pygmaeus</jats:italic> and <jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">N</jats:styled-content>yctalus/<jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">E</jats:styled-content>ptesicus</jats:italic> spp. We provide the first evidence of the effects of <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content> lights on bats. Despite having considerable energy‐saving benefits, <jats:styled-content style="fixed-case">LED</jats:styled-content> lights can potentially fragment commuting routes for bats with associated negative conservation consequences. Our results add to the growing evidence of negative impacts of lighting on a wide range of taxa. We highlight the complexities involved in simultaneously meeting targets for reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity loss. New lighting strategies should integrate climate change targets with the cultural, social and ecological impacts of emerging lighting technologies.</jats:p> Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of <scp>LED</scp> lighting on bats Global Change Biology |
| spellingShingle | Stone, Emma L., Jones, Gareth, Harris, Stephen, Global Change Biology, Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of LED lighting on bats, General Environmental Science, Ecology, Environmental Chemistry, Global and Planetary Change |
| title | Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of LED lighting on bats |
| title_full | Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of LED lighting on bats |
| title_fullStr | Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of LED lighting on bats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of LED lighting on bats |
| title_short | Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of LED lighting on bats |
| title_sort | conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? impacts of <scp>led</scp> lighting on bats |
| title_unstemmed | Conserving energy at a cost to biodiversity? Impacts of LED lighting on bats |
| topic | General Environmental Science, Ecology, Environmental Chemistry, Global and Planetary Change |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2012.02705.x |