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spellingShingle MIZUTANI, T.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells
History and Philosophy of Science
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
General Neuroscience
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spelling MIZUTANI, T. 0077-8923 1749-6632 Wiley History and Philosophy of Science General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology General Neuroscience http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1408.006 <jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>Abstract: </jats:sc></jats:bold> <jats:bold>Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a newly found infectious disease that is caused by a novel human coronavirus, SARS coronavirus (SARS‐CoV). Because the mortality rate of SARS patients is very high, understanding the pathological mechanisms of SARS not only <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> but <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> is important for the prevention of SARS. Activation of signaling pathways caused by SARS‐CoV infection leads to the phosphorylation and activation of downstream molecules. Two conflicting cellular programs, apoptosis to eliminate virus‐infected cells and survival to delay apoptosis by producing antiviral cytokines, occur in SARS patients. Recent studies regarding SARS and SARS‐CoV have clarified that activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) plays important roles in upregulation of cytokine expression and apoptosis both <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic>. Both Akt and p38 MAPK are keys for determination of cell survival or death in SARS‐CoV‐infected cells <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic>. Agents being developed to target these signaling cascades may be important for the design of anti‐SARS‐CoV drugs. This review highlights recent progress regarding SARS‐CoV biology, especially signal transduction in SARS‐CoV‐infected cells.</jats:bold> </jats:p> Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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title Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells
title_unstemmed Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells
title_full Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells
title_fullStr Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells
title_full_unstemmed Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells
title_short Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells
title_sort signal transduction in sars‐cov‐infected cells
topic History and Philosophy of Science
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
General Neuroscience
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description <jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>Abstract: </jats:sc></jats:bold> <jats:bold>Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a newly found infectious disease that is caused by a novel human coronavirus, SARS coronavirus (SARS‐CoV). Because the mortality rate of SARS patients is very high, understanding the pathological mechanisms of SARS not only <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> but <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> is important for the prevention of SARS. Activation of signaling pathways caused by SARS‐CoV infection leads to the phosphorylation and activation of downstream molecules. Two conflicting cellular programs, apoptosis to eliminate virus‐infected cells and survival to delay apoptosis by producing antiviral cytokines, occur in SARS patients. Recent studies regarding SARS and SARS‐CoV have clarified that activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) plays important roles in upregulation of cytokine expression and apoptosis both <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic>. Both Akt and p38 MAPK are keys for determination of cell survival or death in SARS‐CoV‐infected cells <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic>. Agents being developed to target these signaling cascades may be important for the design of anti‐SARS‐CoV drugs. This review highlights recent progress regarding SARS‐CoV biology, especially signal transduction in SARS‐CoV‐infected cells.</jats:bold> </jats:p>
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container_title Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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description <jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>Abstract: </jats:sc></jats:bold> <jats:bold>Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a newly found infectious disease that is caused by a novel human coronavirus, SARS coronavirus (SARS‐CoV). Because the mortality rate of SARS patients is very high, understanding the pathological mechanisms of SARS not only <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> but <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> is important for the prevention of SARS. Activation of signaling pathways caused by SARS‐CoV infection leads to the phosphorylation and activation of downstream molecules. Two conflicting cellular programs, apoptosis to eliminate virus‐infected cells and survival to delay apoptosis by producing antiviral cytokines, occur in SARS patients. Recent studies regarding SARS and SARS‐CoV have clarified that activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) plays important roles in upregulation of cytokine expression and apoptosis both <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic>. Both Akt and p38 MAPK are keys for determination of cell survival or death in SARS‐CoV‐infected cells <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic>. Agents being developed to target these signaling cascades may be important for the design of anti‐SARS‐CoV drugs. This review highlights recent progress regarding SARS‐CoV biology, especially signal transduction in SARS‐CoV‐infected cells.</jats:bold> </jats:p>
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spelling MIZUTANI, T. 0077-8923 1749-6632 Wiley History and Philosophy of Science General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology General Neuroscience http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1408.006 <jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>Abstract: </jats:sc></jats:bold> <jats:bold>Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a newly found infectious disease that is caused by a novel human coronavirus, SARS coronavirus (SARS‐CoV). Because the mortality rate of SARS patients is very high, understanding the pathological mechanisms of SARS not only <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic> but <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> is important for the prevention of SARS. Activation of signaling pathways caused by SARS‐CoV infection leads to the phosphorylation and activation of downstream molecules. Two conflicting cellular programs, apoptosis to eliminate virus‐infected cells and survival to delay apoptosis by producing antiviral cytokines, occur in SARS patients. Recent studies regarding SARS and SARS‐CoV have clarified that activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) plays important roles in upregulation of cytokine expression and apoptosis both <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo</jats:italic>. Both Akt and p38 MAPK are keys for determination of cell survival or death in SARS‐CoV‐infected cells <jats:italic>in vitro</jats:italic>. Agents being developed to target these signaling cascades may be important for the design of anti‐SARS‐CoV drugs. This review highlights recent progress regarding SARS‐CoV biology, especially signal transduction in SARS‐CoV‐infected cells.</jats:bold> </jats:p> Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
spellingShingle MIZUTANI, T., Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells, History and Philosophy of Science, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, General Neuroscience
title Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells
title_full Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells
title_fullStr Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells
title_full_unstemmed Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells
title_short Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells
title_sort signal transduction in sars‐cov‐infected cells
title_unstemmed Signal Transduction in SARS‐CoV‐Infected Cells
topic History and Philosophy of Science, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, General Neuroscience
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1408.006