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Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
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| Zeitschriftentitel: | Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences |
|---|---|
| Personen und Körperschaften: | , , , , , , , |
| In: | Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1069, 2006, 1, S. 247-256 |
| Format: | E-Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| veröffentlicht: |
Wiley
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| Schlagwörter: |
| author_facet |
DORIA, ANDREA IACCARINO, LUCA SARZI‐PUTTINI, PIERCARLO GHIRARDELLO, ANNA ZAMPIERI, SANDRA ARIENTI, SILVIA CUTOLO, MAURIZIO TODESCO, SILVANO DORIA, ANDREA IACCARINO, LUCA SARZI‐PUTTINI, PIERCARLO GHIRARDELLO, ANNA ZAMPIERI, SANDRA ARIENTI, SILVIA CUTOLO, MAURIZIO TODESCO, SILVANO |
|---|---|
| author |
DORIA, ANDREA IACCARINO, LUCA SARZI‐PUTTINI, PIERCARLO GHIRARDELLO, ANNA ZAMPIERI, SANDRA ARIENTI, SILVIA CUTOLO, MAURIZIO TODESCO, SILVANO |
| spellingShingle |
DORIA, ANDREA IACCARINO, LUCA SARZI‐PUTTINI, PIERCARLO GHIRARDELLO, ANNA ZAMPIERI, SANDRA ARIENTI, SILVIA CUTOLO, MAURIZIO TODESCO, SILVANO Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus History and Philosophy of Science General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology General Neuroscience |
| author_sort |
doria, andrea |
| spelling |
DORIA, ANDREA IACCARINO, LUCA SARZI‐PUTTINI, PIERCARLO GHIRARDELLO, ANNA ZAMPIERI, SANDRA ARIENTI, SILVIA CUTOLO, MAURIZIO TODESCO, SILVANO 0077-8923 1749-6632 Wiley History and Philosophy of Science General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology General Neuroscience http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1351.022 <jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>Abstract: </jats:sc></jats:bold> <jats:bold>Successful pregnancy depends on an adaptation of the maternal immune system that becomes tolerant to fetal antigens of paternal origin. The altered immune regulation induced by pregnancy occurs predominantly at the maternal–fetal interface, but it has also been observed in the maternal circulation. Th1/Th2 shift is one of the most important immunologic changes during gestation. It is due to the progressive increase of estrogens, which reach peak level in the third trimester of pregnancy. At these high levels, estrogens suppress the Th1‐mediated responses and stimulate Th2‐mediated immunologic responses. For this reason Th1‐mediated diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, tend to improve, while Th2‐mediated diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) tend to worsen during pregnancy. However, in some recent studies SLE flare‐ups were less frequently observed in the third trimester of gestation in comparison to the second trimester and postpartum period. These data are apparently in contrast to the Th2 immune‐response polarization expected during pregnancy due to the progressive increase of estrogens. Some further data suggest that in SLE patients estradiol serum levels are surprisingly lower than expected during the third trimester of pregnancy, probably due to a placental compromise. This occurrence could lead to a lower‐than‐expected increase of IL‐6, accounting for the low humoral immune response and the low disease activity observed in the third trimester of pregnancy in such patients.</jats:bold> </jats:p> Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences |
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| title |
Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
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Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
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Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
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Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
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Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
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Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_sort |
estrogens in pregnancy and systemic lupus erythematosus |
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History and Philosophy of Science General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology General Neuroscience |
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1351.022 |
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2006 |
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247-256 |
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<jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>Abstract: </jats:sc></jats:bold> <jats:bold>Successful pregnancy depends on an adaptation of the maternal immune system that becomes tolerant to fetal antigens of paternal origin. The altered immune regulation induced by pregnancy occurs predominantly at the maternal–fetal interface, but it has also been observed in the maternal circulation. Th1/Th2 shift is one of the most important immunologic changes during gestation. It is due to the progressive increase of estrogens, which reach peak level in the third trimester of pregnancy. At these high levels, estrogens suppress the Th1‐mediated responses and stimulate Th2‐mediated immunologic responses. For this reason Th1‐mediated diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, tend to improve, while Th2‐mediated diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) tend to worsen during pregnancy. However, in some recent studies SLE flare‐ups were less frequently observed in the third trimester of gestation in comparison to the second trimester and postpartum period. These data are apparently in contrast to the Th2 immune‐response polarization expected during pregnancy due to the progressive increase of estrogens. Some further data suggest that in SLE patients estradiol serum levels are surprisingly lower than expected during the third trimester of pregnancy, probably due to a placental compromise. This occurrence could lead to a lower‐than‐expected increase of IL‐6, accounting for the low humoral immune response and the low disease activity observed in the third trimester of pregnancy in such patients.</jats:bold> </jats:p> |
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| author | DORIA, ANDREA, IACCARINO, LUCA, SARZI‐PUTTINI, PIERCARLO, GHIRARDELLO, ANNA, ZAMPIERI, SANDRA, ARIENTI, SILVIA, CUTOLO, MAURIZIO, TODESCO, SILVANO |
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| description | <jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>Abstract: </jats:sc></jats:bold> <jats:bold>Successful pregnancy depends on an adaptation of the maternal immune system that becomes tolerant to fetal antigens of paternal origin. The altered immune regulation induced by pregnancy occurs predominantly at the maternal–fetal interface, but it has also been observed in the maternal circulation. Th1/Th2 shift is one of the most important immunologic changes during gestation. It is due to the progressive increase of estrogens, which reach peak level in the third trimester of pregnancy. At these high levels, estrogens suppress the Th1‐mediated responses and stimulate Th2‐mediated immunologic responses. For this reason Th1‐mediated diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, tend to improve, while Th2‐mediated diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) tend to worsen during pregnancy. However, in some recent studies SLE flare‐ups were less frequently observed in the third trimester of gestation in comparison to the second trimester and postpartum period. These data are apparently in contrast to the Th2 immune‐response polarization expected during pregnancy due to the progressive increase of estrogens. Some further data suggest that in SLE patients estradiol serum levels are surprisingly lower than expected during the third trimester of pregnancy, probably due to a placental compromise. This occurrence could lead to a lower‐than‐expected increase of IL‐6, accounting for the low humoral immune response and the low disease activity observed in the third trimester of pregnancy in such patients.</jats:bold> </jats:p> |
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| spelling | DORIA, ANDREA IACCARINO, LUCA SARZI‐PUTTINI, PIERCARLO GHIRARDELLO, ANNA ZAMPIERI, SANDRA ARIENTI, SILVIA CUTOLO, MAURIZIO TODESCO, SILVANO 0077-8923 1749-6632 Wiley History and Philosophy of Science General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology General Neuroscience http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1351.022 <jats:p><jats:bold><jats:sc>Abstract: </jats:sc></jats:bold> <jats:bold>Successful pregnancy depends on an adaptation of the maternal immune system that becomes tolerant to fetal antigens of paternal origin. The altered immune regulation induced by pregnancy occurs predominantly at the maternal–fetal interface, but it has also been observed in the maternal circulation. Th1/Th2 shift is one of the most important immunologic changes during gestation. It is due to the progressive increase of estrogens, which reach peak level in the third trimester of pregnancy. At these high levels, estrogens suppress the Th1‐mediated responses and stimulate Th2‐mediated immunologic responses. For this reason Th1‐mediated diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, tend to improve, while Th2‐mediated diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) tend to worsen during pregnancy. However, in some recent studies SLE flare‐ups were less frequently observed in the third trimester of gestation in comparison to the second trimester and postpartum period. These data are apparently in contrast to the Th2 immune‐response polarization expected during pregnancy due to the progressive increase of estrogens. Some further data suggest that in SLE patients estradiol serum levels are surprisingly lower than expected during the third trimester of pregnancy, probably due to a placental compromise. This occurrence could lead to a lower‐than‐expected increase of IL‐6, accounting for the low humoral immune response and the low disease activity observed in the third trimester of pregnancy in such patients.</jats:bold> </jats:p> Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences |
| spellingShingle | DORIA, ANDREA, IACCARINO, LUCA, SARZI‐PUTTINI, PIERCARLO, GHIRARDELLO, ANNA, ZAMPIERI, SANDRA, ARIENTI, SILVIA, CUTOLO, MAURIZIO, TODESCO, SILVANO, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, History and Philosophy of Science, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, General Neuroscience |
| title | Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_full | Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_fullStr | Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_short | Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| title_sort | estrogens in pregnancy and systemic lupus erythematosus |
| title_unstemmed | Estrogens in Pregnancy and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
| topic | History and Philosophy of Science, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, General Neuroscience |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1351.022 |