author_facet Oshina, Masahito
Oshima, Yasushi
Tanaka, Sakae
Riew, K. Daniel
Oshina, Masahito
Oshima, Yasushi
Tanaka, Sakae
Riew, K. Daniel
author Oshina, Masahito
Oshima, Yasushi
Tanaka, Sakae
Riew, K. Daniel
spellingShingle Oshina, Masahito
Oshima, Yasushi
Tanaka, Sakae
Riew, K. Daniel
Global Spine Journal
Radiological Fusion Criteria of Postoperative Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review
Neurology (clinical)
Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Surgery
author_sort oshina, masahito
spelling Oshina, Masahito Oshima, Yasushi Tanaka, Sakae Riew, K. Daniel 2192-5682 2192-5690 SAGE Publications Neurology (clinical) Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Surgery http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2192568218755141 <jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design:</jats:title><jats:p> Systematic review. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title><jats:p> Diagnosis of pseudarthrosis after anterior cervical fusion is difficult, and often depends on the surgeon’s subjective assessment because recommended radiographic criteria are lacking. This review evaluated the available evidence for confirming fusion after anterior cervical surgery. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> Articles describing assessment of anterior cervical fusion were retrieved from MEDLINE and SCOPUS. The assessment methods and fusion rates at 1 and 2 years were evaluated to identify reliable radiographical criteria. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> Ten fusion criteria were described. The 4 most common were presence of bridging trabecular bone between the endplates, absence of a radiolucent gap between the graft and endplate, absence of or minimal motion between adjacent vertebral bodies on flexion-extension radiographs, and absence of or minimal motion between the spinous processes on flexion-extension radiographs. The mean fusion rates were 90.2% at 1 year and 94.7% at 2 years. The fusion rate at 2 years had significant independence ( P = .048). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:</jats:title><jats:p> The most common fusion criteria, bridging trabecular bone between the endplates and absence of a radiolucent gap between the graft and endplate, are subjective. We recommend using &lt;1 mm of motion between spinous processes on extension and flexion to confirm fusion. </jats:p></jats:sec> Radiological Fusion Criteria of Postoperative Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review Global Spine Journal
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title Radiological Fusion Criteria of Postoperative Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review
title_unstemmed Radiological Fusion Criteria of Postoperative Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review
title_full Radiological Fusion Criteria of Postoperative Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr Radiological Fusion Criteria of Postoperative Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Radiological Fusion Criteria of Postoperative Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review
title_short Radiological Fusion Criteria of Postoperative Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review
title_sort radiological fusion criteria of postoperative anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a systematic review
topic Neurology (clinical)
Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Surgery
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2192568218755141
publishDate 2018
physical 739-750
description <jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design:</jats:title><jats:p> Systematic review. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title><jats:p> Diagnosis of pseudarthrosis after anterior cervical fusion is difficult, and often depends on the surgeon’s subjective assessment because recommended radiographic criteria are lacking. This review evaluated the available evidence for confirming fusion after anterior cervical surgery. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> Articles describing assessment of anterior cervical fusion were retrieved from MEDLINE and SCOPUS. The assessment methods and fusion rates at 1 and 2 years were evaluated to identify reliable radiographical criteria. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> Ten fusion criteria were described. The 4 most common were presence of bridging trabecular bone between the endplates, absence of a radiolucent gap between the graft and endplate, absence of or minimal motion between adjacent vertebral bodies on flexion-extension radiographs, and absence of or minimal motion between the spinous processes on flexion-extension radiographs. The mean fusion rates were 90.2% at 1 year and 94.7% at 2 years. The fusion rate at 2 years had significant independence ( P = .048). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:</jats:title><jats:p> The most common fusion criteria, bridging trabecular bone between the endplates and absence of a radiolucent gap between the graft and endplate, are subjective. We recommend using &lt;1 mm of motion between spinous processes on extension and flexion to confirm fusion. </jats:p></jats:sec>
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author Oshina, Masahito, Oshima, Yasushi, Tanaka, Sakae, Riew, K. Daniel
author_facet Oshina, Masahito, Oshima, Yasushi, Tanaka, Sakae, Riew, K. Daniel, Oshina, Masahito, Oshima, Yasushi, Tanaka, Sakae, Riew, K. Daniel
author_sort oshina, masahito
container_issue 7
container_start_page 739
container_title Global Spine Journal
container_volume 8
description <jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design:</jats:title><jats:p> Systematic review. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title><jats:p> Diagnosis of pseudarthrosis after anterior cervical fusion is difficult, and often depends on the surgeon’s subjective assessment because recommended radiographic criteria are lacking. This review evaluated the available evidence for confirming fusion after anterior cervical surgery. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> Articles describing assessment of anterior cervical fusion were retrieved from MEDLINE and SCOPUS. The assessment methods and fusion rates at 1 and 2 years were evaluated to identify reliable radiographical criteria. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> Ten fusion criteria were described. The 4 most common were presence of bridging trabecular bone between the endplates, absence of a radiolucent gap between the graft and endplate, absence of or minimal motion between adjacent vertebral bodies on flexion-extension radiographs, and absence of or minimal motion between the spinous processes on flexion-extension radiographs. The mean fusion rates were 90.2% at 1 year and 94.7% at 2 years. The fusion rate at 2 years had significant independence ( P = .048). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:</jats:title><jats:p> The most common fusion criteria, bridging trabecular bone between the endplates and absence of a radiolucent gap between the graft and endplate, are subjective. We recommend using &lt;1 mm of motion between spinous processes on extension and flexion to confirm fusion. </jats:p></jats:sec>
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spelling Oshina, Masahito Oshima, Yasushi Tanaka, Sakae Riew, K. Daniel 2192-5682 2192-5690 SAGE Publications Neurology (clinical) Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Surgery http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2192568218755141 <jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design:</jats:title><jats:p> Systematic review. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title><jats:p> Diagnosis of pseudarthrosis after anterior cervical fusion is difficult, and often depends on the surgeon’s subjective assessment because recommended radiographic criteria are lacking. This review evaluated the available evidence for confirming fusion after anterior cervical surgery. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:</jats:title><jats:p> Articles describing assessment of anterior cervical fusion were retrieved from MEDLINE and SCOPUS. The assessment methods and fusion rates at 1 and 2 years were evaluated to identify reliable radiographical criteria. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> Ten fusion criteria were described. The 4 most common were presence of bridging trabecular bone between the endplates, absence of a radiolucent gap between the graft and endplate, absence of or minimal motion between adjacent vertebral bodies on flexion-extension radiographs, and absence of or minimal motion between the spinous processes on flexion-extension radiographs. The mean fusion rates were 90.2% at 1 year and 94.7% at 2 years. The fusion rate at 2 years had significant independence ( P = .048). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:</jats:title><jats:p> The most common fusion criteria, bridging trabecular bone between the endplates and absence of a radiolucent gap between the graft and endplate, are subjective. We recommend using &lt;1 mm of motion between spinous processes on extension and flexion to confirm fusion. </jats:p></jats:sec> Radiological Fusion Criteria of Postoperative Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review Global Spine Journal
spellingShingle Oshina, Masahito, Oshima, Yasushi, Tanaka, Sakae, Riew, K. Daniel, Global Spine Journal, Radiological Fusion Criteria of Postoperative Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review, Neurology (clinical), Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Surgery
title Radiological Fusion Criteria of Postoperative Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review
title_full Radiological Fusion Criteria of Postoperative Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr Radiological Fusion Criteria of Postoperative Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Radiological Fusion Criteria of Postoperative Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review
title_short Radiological Fusion Criteria of Postoperative Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review
title_sort radiological fusion criteria of postoperative anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a systematic review
title_unstemmed Radiological Fusion Criteria of Postoperative Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion: A Systematic Review
topic Neurology (clinical), Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Surgery
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2192568218755141