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Terrestrial VLF transmitter injection into the magnetosphere
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| Zeitschriftentitel: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics |
|---|---|
| Personen und Körperschaften: | , |
| In: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 117, 2012, A8 |
| Format: | E-Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| veröffentlicht: |
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
|
| Schlagwörter: |
| author_facet |
Cohen, M. B. Inan, U. S. Cohen, M. B. Inan, U. S. |
|---|---|
| author |
Cohen, M. B. Inan, U. S. |
| spellingShingle |
Cohen, M. B. Inan, U. S. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics Terrestrial VLF transmitter injection into the magnetosphere Paleontology Space and Planetary Science Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Atmospheric Science Earth-Surface Processes Geochemistry and Petrology Soil Science Water Science and Technology Ecology Aquatic Science Forestry Oceanography Geophysics |
| author_sort |
cohen, m. b. |
| spelling |
Cohen, M. B. Inan, U. S. 0148-0227 American Geophysical Union (AGU) Paleontology Space and Planetary Science Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Atmospheric Science Earth-Surface Processes Geochemistry and Petrology Soil Science Water Science and Technology Ecology Aquatic Science Forestry Oceanography Geophysics http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012ja017992 <jats:p>Very Low Frequency (VLF, 3–30 kHz) radio waves emitted from ground sources (transmitters and lightning) strongly impact the radiation belts, driving electron precipitation via whistler‐electron gyroresonance, and contributing to the formation of the slot region. However, calculations of the global impacts of VLF waves are based on models of trans‐ionospheric propagation to calculate the VLF energy reaching the magnetosphere. Limited comparisons of these models to individual satellite passes have found that the models may significantly (by >20 dB) overestimate amplitudes of ground based VLF transmitters in the magnetosphere. To form a much more complete empirical picture of VLF transmitter energy reaching the magnetosphere, we present observations of the radiation pattern from a number of ground‐based VLF transmitters by averaging six years of data from the DEMETER satellite. We divide the slice at ∼700 km altitude above a transmitter into pixels and calculate the average field for all satellite passes through each pixel. There are enough data to see 25 km features in the radiation pattern, including the modal interference of the subionospheric signal mapped upwards. Using these data, we deduce the first empirical measure of the radiated power into the magnetosphere from these transmitters, for both daytime and nighttime, and at both the overhead and geomagnetically conjugate region. We find no detectable variation of signal intensity with geomagnetic conditions at low and mid latitudes (<jats:italic>L</jats:italic> < 2.6). We also present evidence of ionospheric heating by one VLF transmitter which modifies the trans‐ionospheric absorption of signals from other transmitters passing through the heated region.</jats:p> Terrestrial VLF transmitter injection into the magnetosphere Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics |
| doi_str_mv |
10.1029/2012ja017992 |
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Online Free |
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Physik Technik Geologie und Paläontologie Geographie Chemie und Pharmazie Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft Biologie Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft |
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Terrestrial VLF transmitter injection into the magnetosphere |
| title_unstemmed |
Terrestrial VLF transmitter injection into the magnetosphere |
| title_full |
Terrestrial VLF transmitter injection into the magnetosphere |
| title_fullStr |
Terrestrial VLF transmitter injection into the magnetosphere |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Terrestrial VLF transmitter injection into the magnetosphere |
| title_short |
Terrestrial VLF transmitter injection into the magnetosphere |
| title_sort |
terrestrial vlf transmitter injection into the magnetosphere |
| topic |
Paleontology Space and Planetary Science Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Atmospheric Science Earth-Surface Processes Geochemistry and Petrology Soil Science Water Science and Technology Ecology Aquatic Science Forestry Oceanography Geophysics |
| url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012ja017992 |
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2012 |
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| description |
<jats:p>Very Low Frequency (VLF, 3–30 kHz) radio waves emitted from ground sources (transmitters and lightning) strongly impact the radiation belts, driving electron precipitation via whistler‐electron gyroresonance, and contributing to the formation of the slot region. However, calculations of the global impacts of VLF waves are based on models of trans‐ionospheric propagation to calculate the VLF energy reaching the magnetosphere. Limited comparisons of these models to individual satellite passes have found that the models may significantly (by >20 dB) overestimate amplitudes of ground based VLF transmitters in the magnetosphere. To form a much more complete empirical picture of VLF transmitter energy reaching the magnetosphere, we present observations of the radiation pattern from a number of ground‐based VLF transmitters by averaging six years of data from the DEMETER satellite. We divide the slice at ∼700 km altitude above a transmitter into pixels and calculate the average field for all satellite passes through each pixel. There are enough data to see 25 km features in the radiation pattern, including the modal interference of the subionospheric signal mapped upwards. Using these data, we deduce the first empirical measure of the radiated power into the magnetosphere from these transmitters, for both daytime and nighttime, and at both the overhead and geomagnetically conjugate region. We find no detectable variation of signal intensity with geomagnetic conditions at low and mid latitudes (<jats:italic>L</jats:italic> < 2.6). We also present evidence of ionospheric heating by one VLF transmitter which modifies the trans‐ionospheric absorption of signals from other transmitters passing through the heated region.</jats:p> |
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| author | Cohen, M. B., Inan, U. S. |
| author_facet | Cohen, M. B., Inan, U. S., Cohen, M. B., Inan, U. S. |
| author_sort | cohen, m. b. |
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| container_title | Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics |
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| description | <jats:p>Very Low Frequency (VLF, 3–30 kHz) radio waves emitted from ground sources (transmitters and lightning) strongly impact the radiation belts, driving electron precipitation via whistler‐electron gyroresonance, and contributing to the formation of the slot region. However, calculations of the global impacts of VLF waves are based on models of trans‐ionospheric propagation to calculate the VLF energy reaching the magnetosphere. Limited comparisons of these models to individual satellite passes have found that the models may significantly (by >20 dB) overestimate amplitudes of ground based VLF transmitters in the magnetosphere. To form a much more complete empirical picture of VLF transmitter energy reaching the magnetosphere, we present observations of the radiation pattern from a number of ground‐based VLF transmitters by averaging six years of data from the DEMETER satellite. We divide the slice at ∼700 km altitude above a transmitter into pixels and calculate the average field for all satellite passes through each pixel. There are enough data to see 25 km features in the radiation pattern, including the modal interference of the subionospheric signal mapped upwards. Using these data, we deduce the first empirical measure of the radiated power into the magnetosphere from these transmitters, for both daytime and nighttime, and at both the overhead and geomagnetically conjugate region. We find no detectable variation of signal intensity with geomagnetic conditions at low and mid latitudes (<jats:italic>L</jats:italic> < 2.6). We also present evidence of ionospheric heating by one VLF transmitter which modifies the trans‐ionospheric absorption of signals from other transmitters passing through the heated region.</jats:p> |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1029/2012ja017992 |
| facet_avail | Online, Free |
| finc_class_facet | Physik, Technik, Geologie und Paläontologie, Geographie, Chemie und Pharmazie, Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft, Biologie, Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft |
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| imprint_str_mv | American Geophysical Union (AGU), 2012 |
| institution | DE-Pl11, DE-Rs1, DE-105, DE-14, DE-Ch1, DE-L229, DE-D275, DE-Bn3, DE-Brt1, DE-D161, DE-Zwi2, DE-Gla1, DE-Zi4, DE-15 |
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| publishDate | 2012 |
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| series | Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics |
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| spelling | Cohen, M. B. Inan, U. S. 0148-0227 American Geophysical Union (AGU) Paleontology Space and Planetary Science Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Atmospheric Science Earth-Surface Processes Geochemistry and Petrology Soil Science Water Science and Technology Ecology Aquatic Science Forestry Oceanography Geophysics http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012ja017992 <jats:p>Very Low Frequency (VLF, 3–30 kHz) radio waves emitted from ground sources (transmitters and lightning) strongly impact the radiation belts, driving electron precipitation via whistler‐electron gyroresonance, and contributing to the formation of the slot region. However, calculations of the global impacts of VLF waves are based on models of trans‐ionospheric propagation to calculate the VLF energy reaching the magnetosphere. Limited comparisons of these models to individual satellite passes have found that the models may significantly (by >20 dB) overestimate amplitudes of ground based VLF transmitters in the magnetosphere. To form a much more complete empirical picture of VLF transmitter energy reaching the magnetosphere, we present observations of the radiation pattern from a number of ground‐based VLF transmitters by averaging six years of data from the DEMETER satellite. We divide the slice at ∼700 km altitude above a transmitter into pixels and calculate the average field for all satellite passes through each pixel. There are enough data to see 25 km features in the radiation pattern, including the modal interference of the subionospheric signal mapped upwards. Using these data, we deduce the first empirical measure of the radiated power into the magnetosphere from these transmitters, for both daytime and nighttime, and at both the overhead and geomagnetically conjugate region. We find no detectable variation of signal intensity with geomagnetic conditions at low and mid latitudes (<jats:italic>L</jats:italic> < 2.6). We also present evidence of ionospheric heating by one VLF transmitter which modifies the trans‐ionospheric absorption of signals from other transmitters passing through the heated region.</jats:p> Terrestrial VLF transmitter injection into the magnetosphere Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics |
| spellingShingle | Cohen, M. B., Inan, U. S., Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Terrestrial VLF transmitter injection into the magnetosphere, Paleontology, Space and Planetary Science, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Atmospheric Science, Earth-Surface Processes, Geochemistry and Petrology, Soil Science, Water Science and Technology, Ecology, Aquatic Science, Forestry, Oceanography, Geophysics |
| title | Terrestrial VLF transmitter injection into the magnetosphere |
| title_full | Terrestrial VLF transmitter injection into the magnetosphere |
| title_fullStr | Terrestrial VLF transmitter injection into the magnetosphere |
| title_full_unstemmed | Terrestrial VLF transmitter injection into the magnetosphere |
| title_short | Terrestrial VLF transmitter injection into the magnetosphere |
| title_sort | terrestrial vlf transmitter injection into the magnetosphere |
| title_unstemmed | Terrestrial VLF transmitter injection into the magnetosphere |
| topic | Paleontology, Space and Planetary Science, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Atmospheric Science, Earth-Surface Processes, Geochemistry and Petrology, Soil Science, Water Science and Technology, Ecology, Aquatic Science, Forestry, Oceanography, Geophysics |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012ja017992 |