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Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas
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| Zeitschriftentitel: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth |
|---|---|
| Personen und Körperschaften: | , , , , |
| In: | Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 117, 2012, B3 |
| Format: | E-Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| veröffentlicht: |
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
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| Schlagwörter: |
| author_facet |
Pioli, L. Bonadonna, C. Azzopardi, B. J. Phillips, J. C. Ripepe, M. Pioli, L. Bonadonna, C. Azzopardi, B. J. Phillips, J. C. Ripepe, M. |
|---|---|
| author |
Pioli, L. Bonadonna, C. Azzopardi, B. J. Phillips, J. C. Ripepe, M. |
| spellingShingle |
Pioli, L. Bonadonna, C. Azzopardi, B. J. Phillips, J. C. Ripepe, M. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas Paleontology Space and Planetary Science Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Atmospheric Science Earth-Surface Processes Geochemistry and Petrology Soil Science Water Science and Technology Ecology Aquatic Science Forestry Oceanography Geophysics |
| author_sort |
pioli, l. |
| spelling |
Pioli, L. Bonadonna, C. Azzopardi, B. J. Phillips, J. C. Ripepe, M. 0148-0227 American Geophysical Union (AGU) Paleontology Space and Planetary Science Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Atmospheric Science Earth-Surface Processes Geochemistry and Petrology Soil Science Water Science and Technology Ecology Aquatic Science Forestry Oceanography Geophysics http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011jb008392 <jats:p>The dynamics of separated two‐phase flow of basaltic magmas in cylindrical conduits has been explored combining large‐scale experiments and theoretical studies. Experiments consisted of the continuous injection of air into water or glucose syrup in a 0.24 m diameter, 6.5 m long bubble column. The model calculates vesicularity and pressure gradient for a range of gas superficial velocities (volume flow rates/pipe area, 10<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>–10<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> m/s), conduit diameters (10<jats:sup>0–2</jats:sup> m), and magma viscosities (3–300 Pa s). The model is calibrated with the experimental results to extrapolate key flow parameters such as <jats:italic>C</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>o</jats:italic></jats:sub> (distribution parameter) and Froude number, which control the maximum vesicularity of the magma in the column, and the gas rise speed of gas slugs. It predicts that magma vesicularity increases with increasing gas volume flow rate and decreases with increasing conduit diameter, until a threshold value (45 vol.%), which characterizes churn and annular flow regimes. Transition to annular flow regimes is expected to occur at minimum gas volume flow rates of 10<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>–10<jats:sup>4</jats:sup> m<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>/s. The vertical pressure gradient decreases with increasing gas flow rates and is controlled by magma vesicularity (in bubbly flows) or the length and spacing of gas slugs. This study also shows that until conditions for separated flow are met, increases in magma viscosity favor stability of slug flow over bubbly flow but suggests coexistence between gas slugs and small bubbles, which contribute to a small fraction of the total gas outflux. Gas flow promotes effective convection of the liquid, favoring magma homogeneity and stable conditions.</jats:p> Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth |
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| title |
Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas |
| title_unstemmed |
Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas |
| title_full |
Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas |
| title_fullStr |
Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas |
| title_short |
Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas |
| title_sort |
experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas |
| topic |
Paleontology Space and Planetary Science Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Atmospheric Science Earth-Surface Processes Geochemistry and Petrology Soil Science Water Science and Technology Ecology Aquatic Science Forestry Oceanography Geophysics |
| url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011jb008392 |
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2012 |
| physical |
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| description |
<jats:p>The dynamics of separated two‐phase flow of basaltic magmas in cylindrical conduits has been explored combining large‐scale experiments and theoretical studies. Experiments consisted of the continuous injection of air into water or glucose syrup in a 0.24 m diameter, 6.5 m long bubble column. The model calculates vesicularity and pressure gradient for a range of gas superficial velocities (volume flow rates/pipe area, 10<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>–10<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> m/s), conduit diameters (10<jats:sup>0–2</jats:sup> m), and magma viscosities (3–300 Pa s). The model is calibrated with the experimental results to extrapolate key flow parameters such as <jats:italic>C</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>o</jats:italic></jats:sub> (distribution parameter) and Froude number, which control the maximum vesicularity of the magma in the column, and the gas rise speed of gas slugs. It predicts that magma vesicularity increases with increasing gas volume flow rate and decreases with increasing conduit diameter, until a threshold value (45 vol.%), which characterizes churn and annular flow regimes. Transition to annular flow regimes is expected to occur at minimum gas volume flow rates of 10<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>–10<jats:sup>4</jats:sup> m<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>/s. The vertical pressure gradient decreases with increasing gas flow rates and is controlled by magma vesicularity (in bubbly flows) or the length and spacing of gas slugs. This study also shows that until conditions for separated flow are met, increases in magma viscosity favor stability of slug flow over bubbly flow but suggests coexistence between gas slugs and small bubbles, which contribute to a small fraction of the total gas outflux. Gas flow promotes effective convection of the liquid, favoring magma homogeneity and stable conditions.</jats:p> |
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| author | Pioli, L., Bonadonna, C., Azzopardi, B. J., Phillips, J. C., Ripepe, M. |
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| description | <jats:p>The dynamics of separated two‐phase flow of basaltic magmas in cylindrical conduits has been explored combining large‐scale experiments and theoretical studies. Experiments consisted of the continuous injection of air into water or glucose syrup in a 0.24 m diameter, 6.5 m long bubble column. The model calculates vesicularity and pressure gradient for a range of gas superficial velocities (volume flow rates/pipe area, 10<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>–10<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> m/s), conduit diameters (10<jats:sup>0–2</jats:sup> m), and magma viscosities (3–300 Pa s). The model is calibrated with the experimental results to extrapolate key flow parameters such as <jats:italic>C</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>o</jats:italic></jats:sub> (distribution parameter) and Froude number, which control the maximum vesicularity of the magma in the column, and the gas rise speed of gas slugs. It predicts that magma vesicularity increases with increasing gas volume flow rate and decreases with increasing conduit diameter, until a threshold value (45 vol.%), which characterizes churn and annular flow regimes. Transition to annular flow regimes is expected to occur at minimum gas volume flow rates of 10<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>–10<jats:sup>4</jats:sup> m<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>/s. The vertical pressure gradient decreases with increasing gas flow rates and is controlled by magma vesicularity (in bubbly flows) or the length and spacing of gas slugs. This study also shows that until conditions for separated flow are met, increases in magma viscosity favor stability of slug flow over bubbly flow but suggests coexistence between gas slugs and small bubbles, which contribute to a small fraction of the total gas outflux. Gas flow promotes effective convection of the liquid, favoring magma homogeneity and stable conditions.</jats:p> |
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| spelling | Pioli, L. Bonadonna, C. Azzopardi, B. J. Phillips, J. C. Ripepe, M. 0148-0227 American Geophysical Union (AGU) Paleontology Space and Planetary Science Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) Atmospheric Science Earth-Surface Processes Geochemistry and Petrology Soil Science Water Science and Technology Ecology Aquatic Science Forestry Oceanography Geophysics http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011jb008392 <jats:p>The dynamics of separated two‐phase flow of basaltic magmas in cylindrical conduits has been explored combining large‐scale experiments and theoretical studies. Experiments consisted of the continuous injection of air into water or glucose syrup in a 0.24 m diameter, 6.5 m long bubble column. The model calculates vesicularity and pressure gradient for a range of gas superficial velocities (volume flow rates/pipe area, 10<jats:sup>−2</jats:sup>–10<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> m/s), conduit diameters (10<jats:sup>0–2</jats:sup> m), and magma viscosities (3–300 Pa s). The model is calibrated with the experimental results to extrapolate key flow parameters such as <jats:italic>C</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>o</jats:italic></jats:sub> (distribution parameter) and Froude number, which control the maximum vesicularity of the magma in the column, and the gas rise speed of gas slugs. It predicts that magma vesicularity increases with increasing gas volume flow rate and decreases with increasing conduit diameter, until a threshold value (45 vol.%), which characterizes churn and annular flow regimes. Transition to annular flow regimes is expected to occur at minimum gas volume flow rates of 10<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>–10<jats:sup>4</jats:sup> m<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>/s. The vertical pressure gradient decreases with increasing gas flow rates and is controlled by magma vesicularity (in bubbly flows) or the length and spacing of gas slugs. This study also shows that until conditions for separated flow are met, increases in magma viscosity favor stability of slug flow over bubbly flow but suggests coexistence between gas slugs and small bubbles, which contribute to a small fraction of the total gas outflux. Gas flow promotes effective convection of the liquid, favoring magma homogeneity and stable conditions.</jats:p> Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth |
| spellingShingle | Pioli, L., Bonadonna, C., Azzopardi, B. J., Phillips, J. C., Ripepe, M., Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas, Paleontology, Space and Planetary Science, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Atmospheric Science, Earth-Surface Processes, Geochemistry and Petrology, Soil Science, Water Science and Technology, Ecology, Aquatic Science, Forestry, Oceanography, Geophysics |
| title | Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas |
| title_full | Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas |
| title_fullStr | Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas |
| title_short | Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas |
| title_sort | experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas |
| title_unstemmed | Experimental constraints on the outgassing dynamics of basaltic magmas |
| topic | Paleontology, Space and Planetary Science, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Atmospheric Science, Earth-Surface Processes, Geochemistry and Petrology, Soil Science, Water Science and Technology, Ecology, Aquatic Science, Forestry, Oceanography, Geophysics |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011jb008392 |