author_facet Tian, Yang
Kuang, Zhiming
Singh, Martin S.
Nie, Ji
Tian, Yang
Kuang, Zhiming
Singh, Martin S.
Nie, Ji
author Tian, Yang
Kuang, Zhiming
Singh, Martin S.
Nie, Ji
spellingShingle Tian, Yang
Kuang, Zhiming
Singh, Martin S.
Nie, Ji
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
The Vertical Momentum Budget of Shallow Cumulus Convection: Insights From a Lagrangian Perspective
General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Environmental Chemistry
Global and Planetary Change
author_sort tian, yang
spelling Tian, Yang Kuang, Zhiming Singh, Martin S. Nie, Ji 1942-2466 1942-2466 American Geophysical Union (AGU) General Earth and Planetary Sciences Environmental Chemistry Global and Planetary Change http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018ms001451 <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>A Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Model is embedded into large eddy simulations to diagnose the responses of shallow cumulus convection to a small‐amplitude large‐scale temperature perturbation. The Lagrangian framework allows for a decomposition of the vertical momentum budget and diagnosis of the forces that regulate cloudy updrafts. The results are used to shed light on the parameterization of vertical velocity in convective schemes, where the treatment of the effects of entrainment as well as buoyancy‐induced and mechanically induced pressure gradients remains highly uncertain. We show that both buoyancy‐induced and mechanically induced pressure gradients are important for the vertical momentum budget of cloudy updrafts, whereas the entrainment dilution term is relatively less important. Based on the analysis of the dominant force balance, we propose a simple model to derive the perturbation pressure gradient forces. We further illustrate that the effective buoyancy and dynamic perturbation pressure can be approximated to a good extent using a simple cylindrical updraft model given the cloud radius. This finding has the potential for improving the parameterization of vertical velocity in convective schemes and the development of a unified scheme for cumulus convection.</jats:p> The Vertical Momentum Budget of Shallow Cumulus Convection: Insights From a Lagrangian Perspective Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
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title The Vertical Momentum Budget of Shallow Cumulus Convection: Insights From a Lagrangian Perspective
title_unstemmed The Vertical Momentum Budget of Shallow Cumulus Convection: Insights From a Lagrangian Perspective
title_full The Vertical Momentum Budget of Shallow Cumulus Convection: Insights From a Lagrangian Perspective
title_fullStr The Vertical Momentum Budget of Shallow Cumulus Convection: Insights From a Lagrangian Perspective
title_full_unstemmed The Vertical Momentum Budget of Shallow Cumulus Convection: Insights From a Lagrangian Perspective
title_short The Vertical Momentum Budget of Shallow Cumulus Convection: Insights From a Lagrangian Perspective
title_sort the vertical momentum budget of shallow cumulus convection: insights from a lagrangian perspective
topic General Earth and Planetary Sciences
Environmental Chemistry
Global and Planetary Change
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018ms001451
publishDate 2019
physical 113-126
description <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>A Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Model is embedded into large eddy simulations to diagnose the responses of shallow cumulus convection to a small‐amplitude large‐scale temperature perturbation. The Lagrangian framework allows for a decomposition of the vertical momentum budget and diagnosis of the forces that regulate cloudy updrafts. The results are used to shed light on the parameterization of vertical velocity in convective schemes, where the treatment of the effects of entrainment as well as buoyancy‐induced and mechanically induced pressure gradients remains highly uncertain. We show that both buoyancy‐induced and mechanically induced pressure gradients are important for the vertical momentum budget of cloudy updrafts, whereas the entrainment dilution term is relatively less important. Based on the analysis of the dominant force balance, we propose a simple model to derive the perturbation pressure gradient forces. We further illustrate that the effective buoyancy and dynamic perturbation pressure can be approximated to a good extent using a simple cylindrical updraft model given the cloud radius. This finding has the potential for improving the parameterization of vertical velocity in convective schemes and the development of a unified scheme for cumulus convection.</jats:p>
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author Tian, Yang, Kuang, Zhiming, Singh, Martin S., Nie, Ji
author_facet Tian, Yang, Kuang, Zhiming, Singh, Martin S., Nie, Ji, Tian, Yang, Kuang, Zhiming, Singh, Martin S., Nie, Ji
author_sort tian, yang
container_issue 1
container_start_page 113
container_title Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
container_volume 11
description <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>A Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Model is embedded into large eddy simulations to diagnose the responses of shallow cumulus convection to a small‐amplitude large‐scale temperature perturbation. The Lagrangian framework allows for a decomposition of the vertical momentum budget and diagnosis of the forces that regulate cloudy updrafts. The results are used to shed light on the parameterization of vertical velocity in convective schemes, where the treatment of the effects of entrainment as well as buoyancy‐induced and mechanically induced pressure gradients remains highly uncertain. We show that both buoyancy‐induced and mechanically induced pressure gradients are important for the vertical momentum budget of cloudy updrafts, whereas the entrainment dilution term is relatively less important. Based on the analysis of the dominant force balance, we propose a simple model to derive the perturbation pressure gradient forces. We further illustrate that the effective buoyancy and dynamic perturbation pressure can be approximated to a good extent using a simple cylindrical updraft model given the cloud radius. This finding has the potential for improving the parameterization of vertical velocity in convective schemes and the development of a unified scheme for cumulus convection.</jats:p>
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spelling Tian, Yang Kuang, Zhiming Singh, Martin S. Nie, Ji 1942-2466 1942-2466 American Geophysical Union (AGU) General Earth and Planetary Sciences Environmental Chemistry Global and Planetary Change http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018ms001451 <jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>A Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Model is embedded into large eddy simulations to diagnose the responses of shallow cumulus convection to a small‐amplitude large‐scale temperature perturbation. The Lagrangian framework allows for a decomposition of the vertical momentum budget and diagnosis of the forces that regulate cloudy updrafts. The results are used to shed light on the parameterization of vertical velocity in convective schemes, where the treatment of the effects of entrainment as well as buoyancy‐induced and mechanically induced pressure gradients remains highly uncertain. We show that both buoyancy‐induced and mechanically induced pressure gradients are important for the vertical momentum budget of cloudy updrafts, whereas the entrainment dilution term is relatively less important. Based on the analysis of the dominant force balance, we propose a simple model to derive the perturbation pressure gradient forces. We further illustrate that the effective buoyancy and dynamic perturbation pressure can be approximated to a good extent using a simple cylindrical updraft model given the cloud radius. This finding has the potential for improving the parameterization of vertical velocity in convective schemes and the development of a unified scheme for cumulus convection.</jats:p> The Vertical Momentum Budget of Shallow Cumulus Convection: Insights From a Lagrangian Perspective Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
spellingShingle Tian, Yang, Kuang, Zhiming, Singh, Martin S., Nie, Ji, Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, The Vertical Momentum Budget of Shallow Cumulus Convection: Insights From a Lagrangian Perspective, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental Chemistry, Global and Planetary Change
title The Vertical Momentum Budget of Shallow Cumulus Convection: Insights From a Lagrangian Perspective
title_full The Vertical Momentum Budget of Shallow Cumulus Convection: Insights From a Lagrangian Perspective
title_fullStr The Vertical Momentum Budget of Shallow Cumulus Convection: Insights From a Lagrangian Perspective
title_full_unstemmed The Vertical Momentum Budget of Shallow Cumulus Convection: Insights From a Lagrangian Perspective
title_short The Vertical Momentum Budget of Shallow Cumulus Convection: Insights From a Lagrangian Perspective
title_sort the vertical momentum budget of shallow cumulus convection: insights from a lagrangian perspective
title_unstemmed The Vertical Momentum Budget of Shallow Cumulus Convection: Insights From a Lagrangian Perspective
topic General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental Chemistry, Global and Planetary Change
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018ms001451