author_facet Nag, Moupriya
Bera, Kallol
Basak, Soumen
Nag, Moupriya
Bera, Kallol
Basak, Soumen
author Nag, Moupriya
Bera, Kallol
Basak, Soumen
spellingShingle Nag, Moupriya
Bera, Kallol
Basak, Soumen
Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics
Intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: Investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
Molecular Biology
Biochemistry
Structural Biology
author_sort nag, moupriya
spelling Nag, Moupriya Bera, Kallol Basak, Soumen 0887-3585 1097-0134 Wiley Molecular Biology Biochemistry Structural Biology http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.24715 <jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:p>Protein aggregation generally results from association between hydrophobic regions of individual monomers. However, additional mechanisms arising from specific interactions, such as intermolecular disulfide bond formation, may also contribute to the process. The latter is proposed to be the initiating pathway for aggregation of immunoglobulin (IgG), which is essential for triggering its immune response. To test the veracity of this hypothesis, we have employed fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to measure the kinetics of aggregation of IgG in separate experiments either allowing or inhibiting disulfide formation. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy measurements yielded a diffusion time (<jats:italic>τ</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>D</jats:italic></jats:sub>) of ∼200 µsec for Rhodamine‐labeled IgG, corresponding to a hydrodynamic radius (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>H</jats:italic></jats:sub>) of 56 Å for the IgG monomer. The aggregation kinetics of the protein was followed by monitoring the time evolution of <jats:italic>τ</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>D</jats:italic></jats:sub> under conditions in which its cysteine residues were either free or blocked. In both cases, the progress curves confirmed that aggregation proceeded via the nucleation‐dependent polymerization pathway. However, for aggregation in the presence of free cysteines, the lag times were shorter, and the aggregate sizes bigger, than their respective counterparts for aggregation in the presence of blocked cysteines. This result clearly demonstrates that formation of intermolecular disulfide bonds represents a preferred pathway in the aggregation process of IgG. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that aggregates formed in experiments where disulfide formation was prevented denatured at lower concentration of guanidine hydrochloride than those obtained in experiments where the disulfides were free to form, indicating that intermolecular disulfide bridging is a valid pathway for IgG aggregation. Proteins 2015; 83:169–177. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</jats:p> Intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: Investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics
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series Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics
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title Intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: Investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
title_unstemmed Intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: Investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
title_full Intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: Investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
title_fullStr Intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: Investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
title_full_unstemmed Intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: Investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
title_short Intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: Investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
title_sort intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
topic Molecular Biology
Biochemistry
Structural Biology
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.24715
publishDate 2015
physical 169-177
description <jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:p>Protein aggregation generally results from association between hydrophobic regions of individual monomers. However, additional mechanisms arising from specific interactions, such as intermolecular disulfide bond formation, may also contribute to the process. The latter is proposed to be the initiating pathway for aggregation of immunoglobulin (IgG), which is essential for triggering its immune response. To test the veracity of this hypothesis, we have employed fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to measure the kinetics of aggregation of IgG in separate experiments either allowing or inhibiting disulfide formation. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy measurements yielded a diffusion time (<jats:italic>τ</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>D</jats:italic></jats:sub>) of ∼200 µsec for Rhodamine‐labeled IgG, corresponding to a hydrodynamic radius (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>H</jats:italic></jats:sub>) of 56 Å for the IgG monomer. The aggregation kinetics of the protein was followed by monitoring the time evolution of <jats:italic>τ</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>D</jats:italic></jats:sub> under conditions in which its cysteine residues were either free or blocked. In both cases, the progress curves confirmed that aggregation proceeded via the nucleation‐dependent polymerization pathway. However, for aggregation in the presence of free cysteines, the lag times were shorter, and the aggregate sizes bigger, than their respective counterparts for aggregation in the presence of blocked cysteines. This result clearly demonstrates that formation of intermolecular disulfide bonds represents a preferred pathway in the aggregation process of IgG. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that aggregates formed in experiments where disulfide formation was prevented denatured at lower concentration of guanidine hydrochloride than those obtained in experiments where the disulfides were free to form, indicating that intermolecular disulfide bridging is a valid pathway for IgG aggregation. Proteins 2015; 83:169–177. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</jats:p>
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author Nag, Moupriya, Bera, Kallol, Basak, Soumen
author_facet Nag, Moupriya, Bera, Kallol, Basak, Soumen, Nag, Moupriya, Bera, Kallol, Basak, Soumen
author_sort nag, moupriya
container_issue 1
container_start_page 169
container_title Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics
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description <jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:p>Protein aggregation generally results from association between hydrophobic regions of individual monomers. However, additional mechanisms arising from specific interactions, such as intermolecular disulfide bond formation, may also contribute to the process. The latter is proposed to be the initiating pathway for aggregation of immunoglobulin (IgG), which is essential for triggering its immune response. To test the veracity of this hypothesis, we have employed fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to measure the kinetics of aggregation of IgG in separate experiments either allowing or inhibiting disulfide formation. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy measurements yielded a diffusion time (<jats:italic>τ</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>D</jats:italic></jats:sub>) of ∼200 µsec for Rhodamine‐labeled IgG, corresponding to a hydrodynamic radius (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>H</jats:italic></jats:sub>) of 56 Å for the IgG monomer. The aggregation kinetics of the protein was followed by monitoring the time evolution of <jats:italic>τ</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>D</jats:italic></jats:sub> under conditions in which its cysteine residues were either free or blocked. In both cases, the progress curves confirmed that aggregation proceeded via the nucleation‐dependent polymerization pathway. However, for aggregation in the presence of free cysteines, the lag times were shorter, and the aggregate sizes bigger, than their respective counterparts for aggregation in the presence of blocked cysteines. This result clearly demonstrates that formation of intermolecular disulfide bonds represents a preferred pathway in the aggregation process of IgG. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that aggregates formed in experiments where disulfide formation was prevented denatured at lower concentration of guanidine hydrochloride than those obtained in experiments where the disulfides were free to form, indicating that intermolecular disulfide bridging is a valid pathway for IgG aggregation. Proteins 2015; 83:169–177. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</jats:p>
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spelling Nag, Moupriya Bera, Kallol Basak, Soumen 0887-3585 1097-0134 Wiley Molecular Biology Biochemistry Structural Biology http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.24715 <jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:p>Protein aggregation generally results from association between hydrophobic regions of individual monomers. However, additional mechanisms arising from specific interactions, such as intermolecular disulfide bond formation, may also contribute to the process. The latter is proposed to be the initiating pathway for aggregation of immunoglobulin (IgG), which is essential for triggering its immune response. To test the veracity of this hypothesis, we have employed fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to measure the kinetics of aggregation of IgG in separate experiments either allowing or inhibiting disulfide formation. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy measurements yielded a diffusion time (<jats:italic>τ</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>D</jats:italic></jats:sub>) of ∼200 µsec for Rhodamine‐labeled IgG, corresponding to a hydrodynamic radius (<jats:italic>R</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>H</jats:italic></jats:sub>) of 56 Å for the IgG monomer. The aggregation kinetics of the protein was followed by monitoring the time evolution of <jats:italic>τ</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>D</jats:italic></jats:sub> under conditions in which its cysteine residues were either free or blocked. In both cases, the progress curves confirmed that aggregation proceeded via the nucleation‐dependent polymerization pathway. However, for aggregation in the presence of free cysteines, the lag times were shorter, and the aggregate sizes bigger, than their respective counterparts for aggregation in the presence of blocked cysteines. This result clearly demonstrates that formation of intermolecular disulfide bonds represents a preferred pathway in the aggregation process of IgG. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that aggregates formed in experiments where disulfide formation was prevented denatured at lower concentration of guanidine hydrochloride than those obtained in experiments where the disulfides were free to form, indicating that intermolecular disulfide bridging is a valid pathway for IgG aggregation. Proteins 2015; 83:169–177. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</jats:p> Intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: Investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics
spellingShingle Nag, Moupriya, Bera, Kallol, Basak, Soumen, Proteins: Structure, Function, and Bioinformatics, Intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: Investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Structural Biology
title Intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: Investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
title_full Intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: Investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
title_fullStr Intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: Investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
title_full_unstemmed Intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: Investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
title_short Intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: Investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
title_sort intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
title_unstemmed Intermolecular disulfide bond formation promotes immunoglobulin aggregation: Investigation by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
topic Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Structural Biology
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.24715