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Evolution of adaptive immunity: Implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys
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| Zeitschriftentitel: | BioEssays |
|---|---|
| Personen und Körperschaften: | , |
| In: | BioEssays, 36, 2014, 3, S. 244-250 |
| Format: | E-Article |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| veröffentlicht: |
Wiley
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| Schlagwörter: |
| author_facet |
Kishishita, Natsuko Nagawa, Fumikiyo Kishishita, Natsuko Nagawa, Fumikiyo |
|---|---|
| author |
Kishishita, Natsuko Nagawa, Fumikiyo |
| spellingShingle |
Kishishita, Natsuko Nagawa, Fumikiyo BioEssays Evolution of adaptive immunity: Implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology |
| author_sort |
kishishita, natsuko |
| spelling |
Kishishita, Natsuko Nagawa, Fumikiyo 0265-9247 1521-1878 Wiley General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.201300145 <jats:sec><jats:label /><jats:p>An alternative antigen receptor, named the variable lymphocyte receptor (VLR), was first identified in lampreys in 2004. Since then, the mechanism of <jats:italic>VLR</jats:italic> diversification via somatic gene assembly and the function of VLR‐expressing lymphocytes have been the subject of much research. VLRs comprise leucine‐rich repeat (LRR) motifs and are found only in the most phylogenetically distant vertebrates from mammals, lampreys, and hagfish. Previous reports showed that <jats:italic>VLRA</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>VLRB</jats:italic> are reciprocally expressed by lymphocytes that resemble T‐ and B cells; however, more recent reports show that another VLR, VLRC, is expressed on a third lymphocyte lineage, which may be equivalent to γδ T cells. The existence of three major lymphocyte lineages – one B‐cell‐like and two T‐cell‐like – and their development in lampreys, parallels the mammalian adaptive immune system. This suggests that these three cell lineages were present in the common vertebrate ancestor approximately 500 million years ago.</jats:p></jats:sec> Evolution of adaptive immunity: Implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys BioEssays |
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Evolution of adaptive immunity: Implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys |
| title_unstemmed |
Evolution of adaptive immunity: Implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys |
| title_full |
Evolution of adaptive immunity: Implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys |
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Evolution of adaptive immunity: Implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys |
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Evolution of adaptive immunity: Implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys |
| title_short |
Evolution of adaptive immunity: Implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys |
| title_sort |
evolution of adaptive immunity: implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys |
| topic |
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology |
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.201300145 |
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2014 |
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244-250 |
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<jats:sec><jats:label /><jats:p>An alternative antigen receptor, named the variable lymphocyte receptor (VLR), was first identified in lampreys in 2004. Since then, the mechanism of <jats:italic>VLR</jats:italic> diversification via somatic gene assembly and the function of VLR‐expressing lymphocytes have been the subject of much research. VLRs comprise leucine‐rich repeat (LRR) motifs and are found only in the most phylogenetically distant vertebrates from mammals, lampreys, and hagfish. Previous reports showed that <jats:italic>VLRA</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>VLRB</jats:italic> are reciprocally expressed by lymphocytes that resemble T‐ and B cells; however, more recent reports show that another VLR, VLRC, is expressed on a third lymphocyte lineage, which may be equivalent to γδ T cells. The existence of three major lymphocyte lineages – one B‐cell‐like and two T‐cell‐like – and their development in lampreys, parallels the mammalian adaptive immune system. This suggests that these three cell lineages were present in the common vertebrate ancestor approximately 500 million years ago.</jats:p></jats:sec> |
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| description | <jats:sec><jats:label /><jats:p>An alternative antigen receptor, named the variable lymphocyte receptor (VLR), was first identified in lampreys in 2004. Since then, the mechanism of <jats:italic>VLR</jats:italic> diversification via somatic gene assembly and the function of VLR‐expressing lymphocytes have been the subject of much research. VLRs comprise leucine‐rich repeat (LRR) motifs and are found only in the most phylogenetically distant vertebrates from mammals, lampreys, and hagfish. Previous reports showed that <jats:italic>VLRA</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>VLRB</jats:italic> are reciprocally expressed by lymphocytes that resemble T‐ and B cells; however, more recent reports show that another VLR, VLRC, is expressed on a third lymphocyte lineage, which may be equivalent to γδ T cells. The existence of three major lymphocyte lineages – one B‐cell‐like and two T‐cell‐like – and their development in lampreys, parallels the mammalian adaptive immune system. This suggests that these three cell lineages were present in the common vertebrate ancestor approximately 500 million years ago.</jats:p></jats:sec> |
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| spelling | Kishishita, Natsuko Nagawa, Fumikiyo 0265-9247 1521-1878 Wiley General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.201300145 <jats:sec><jats:label /><jats:p>An alternative antigen receptor, named the variable lymphocyte receptor (VLR), was first identified in lampreys in 2004. Since then, the mechanism of <jats:italic>VLR</jats:italic> diversification via somatic gene assembly and the function of VLR‐expressing lymphocytes have been the subject of much research. VLRs comprise leucine‐rich repeat (LRR) motifs and are found only in the most phylogenetically distant vertebrates from mammals, lampreys, and hagfish. Previous reports showed that <jats:italic>VLRA</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>VLRB</jats:italic> are reciprocally expressed by lymphocytes that resemble T‐ and B cells; however, more recent reports show that another VLR, VLRC, is expressed on a third lymphocyte lineage, which may be equivalent to γδ T cells. The existence of three major lymphocyte lineages – one B‐cell‐like and two T‐cell‐like – and their development in lampreys, parallels the mammalian adaptive immune system. This suggests that these three cell lineages were present in the common vertebrate ancestor approximately 500 million years ago.</jats:p></jats:sec> Evolution of adaptive immunity: Implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys BioEssays |
| spellingShingle | Kishishita, Natsuko, Nagawa, Fumikiyo, BioEssays, Evolution of adaptive immunity: Implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology |
| title | Evolution of adaptive immunity: Implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys |
| title_full | Evolution of adaptive immunity: Implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys |
| title_fullStr | Evolution of adaptive immunity: Implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolution of adaptive immunity: Implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys |
| title_short | Evolution of adaptive immunity: Implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys |
| title_sort | evolution of adaptive immunity: implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys |
| title_unstemmed | Evolution of adaptive immunity: Implications of a third lymphocyte lineage in lampreys |
| topic | General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bies.201300145 |