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Effect of Clear Speech on the Duration of Silent Intervals at Syntactic and Phonemic Boundaries in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson Disease

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Zeitschriftentitel: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology
Personen und Körperschaften: Gravelin, Anna C., Whitfield, Jason A.
In: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 28, 2019, 2S, S. 793-806
Format: E-Article
Sprache: Englisch
veröffentlicht:
American Speech Language Hearing Association
Schlagwörter:
Speech and Hearing
Linguistics and Language
Developmental and Educational Psychology
Otorhinolaryngology
author_facet Gravelin, Anna C.
Whitfield, Jason A.
Gravelin, Anna C.
Whitfield, Jason A.
author Gravelin, Anna C.
Whitfield, Jason A.
spellingShingle Gravelin, Anna C.
Whitfield, Jason A.
American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology
Effect of Clear Speech on the Duration of Silent Intervals at Syntactic and Phonemic Boundaries in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson Disease
Speech and Hearing
Linguistics and Language
Developmental and Educational Psychology
Otorhinolaryngology
author_sort gravelin, anna c.
spelling Gravelin, Anna C. Whitfield, Jason A. 1058-0360 1558-9110 American Speech Language Hearing Association Speech and Hearing Linguistics and Language Developmental and Educational Psychology Otorhinolaryngology http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_ajslp-msc18-18-0102 <jats:sec> <jats:title>Purpose</jats:title> <jats:p>The purpose of the current investigation was to determine the extent to which individuals with and without Parkinson disease (PD) modified silent interval durations when using a clear speaking style.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Method</jats:title> <jats:p>Ten individuals with idiopathic PD and 10 older adult control speakers produced a reading passage using both habitual and clear speaking styles. Silent intervals lasting 15 ms and longer were identified and extracted. Each silent interval was categorized according to the surrounding syntactic context of the reading passage. In addition, voiceless stop gaps that occurred within words, phrases, or clauses were categorized by the preceding phonemic context.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>Statistical analyses revealed that all participants increased silent interval duration with a clear speaking style at inter-sentence and intra-sentence syntactic boundaries. Compared to controls, individuals with PD exhibited significantly less increase in silent interval durations at these syntactic boundaries. Control speakers also increased silent stop gap durations in the clear speaking style regardless of preceding phonemic context. Individuals with PD, however, only increased stop gap duration when the silent interval was preceded by a sonorant.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title> <jats:p>These findings suggest that speakers with PD exhibit less clarity-related increase in silent interval duration than control speakers. In addition, speakers with PD exhibited significant increases in silent interval duration that coincided with syntactic boundaries of the reading passage but little to no clarity-related modulation of stop gap intervals. Therefore, these data suggest that speakers with PD exhibited changes in silent interval durations that were more so associated with modulation of speech prosody than articulation when using a clearer speaking style.</jats:p> </jats:sec> Effect of Clear Speech on the Duration of Silent Intervals at Syntactic and Phonemic Boundaries in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson Disease American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology
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title Effect of Clear Speech on the Duration of Silent Intervals at Syntactic and Phonemic Boundaries in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson Disease
title_unstemmed Effect of Clear Speech on the Duration of Silent Intervals at Syntactic and Phonemic Boundaries in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson Disease
title_full Effect of Clear Speech on the Duration of Silent Intervals at Syntactic and Phonemic Boundaries in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson Disease
title_fullStr Effect of Clear Speech on the Duration of Silent Intervals at Syntactic and Phonemic Boundaries in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson Disease
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Clear Speech on the Duration of Silent Intervals at Syntactic and Phonemic Boundaries in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson Disease
title_short Effect of Clear Speech on the Duration of Silent Intervals at Syntactic and Phonemic Boundaries in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson Disease
title_sort effect of clear speech on the duration of silent intervals at syntactic and phonemic boundaries in the speech of individuals with parkinson disease
topic Speech and Hearing
Linguistics and Language
Developmental and Educational Psychology
Otorhinolaryngology
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_ajslp-msc18-18-0102
publishDate 2019
physical 793-806
description <jats:sec> <jats:title>Purpose</jats:title> <jats:p>The purpose of the current investigation was to determine the extent to which individuals with and without Parkinson disease (PD) modified silent interval durations when using a clear speaking style.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Method</jats:title> <jats:p>Ten individuals with idiopathic PD and 10 older adult control speakers produced a reading passage using both habitual and clear speaking styles. Silent intervals lasting 15 ms and longer were identified and extracted. Each silent interval was categorized according to the surrounding syntactic context of the reading passage. In addition, voiceless stop gaps that occurred within words, phrases, or clauses were categorized by the preceding phonemic context.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>Statistical analyses revealed that all participants increased silent interval duration with a clear speaking style at inter-sentence and intra-sentence syntactic boundaries. Compared to controls, individuals with PD exhibited significantly less increase in silent interval durations at these syntactic boundaries. Control speakers also increased silent stop gap durations in the clear speaking style regardless of preceding phonemic context. Individuals with PD, however, only increased stop gap duration when the silent interval was preceded by a sonorant.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title> <jats:p>These findings suggest that speakers with PD exhibit less clarity-related increase in silent interval duration than control speakers. In addition, speakers with PD exhibited significant increases in silent interval duration that coincided with syntactic boundaries of the reading passage but little to no clarity-related modulation of stop gap intervals. Therefore, these data suggest that speakers with PD exhibited changes in silent interval durations that were more so associated with modulation of speech prosody than articulation when using a clearer speaking style.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
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author Gravelin, Anna C., Whitfield, Jason A.
author_facet Gravelin, Anna C., Whitfield, Jason A., Gravelin, Anna C., Whitfield, Jason A.
author_sort gravelin, anna c.
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container_title American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology
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description <jats:sec> <jats:title>Purpose</jats:title> <jats:p>The purpose of the current investigation was to determine the extent to which individuals with and without Parkinson disease (PD) modified silent interval durations when using a clear speaking style.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Method</jats:title> <jats:p>Ten individuals with idiopathic PD and 10 older adult control speakers produced a reading passage using both habitual and clear speaking styles. Silent intervals lasting 15 ms and longer were identified and extracted. Each silent interval was categorized according to the surrounding syntactic context of the reading passage. In addition, voiceless stop gaps that occurred within words, phrases, or clauses were categorized by the preceding phonemic context.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>Statistical analyses revealed that all participants increased silent interval duration with a clear speaking style at inter-sentence and intra-sentence syntactic boundaries. Compared to controls, individuals with PD exhibited significantly less increase in silent interval durations at these syntactic boundaries. Control speakers also increased silent stop gap durations in the clear speaking style regardless of preceding phonemic context. Individuals with PD, however, only increased stop gap duration when the silent interval was preceded by a sonorant.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title> <jats:p>These findings suggest that speakers with PD exhibit less clarity-related increase in silent interval duration than control speakers. In addition, speakers with PD exhibited significant increases in silent interval duration that coincided with syntactic boundaries of the reading passage but little to no clarity-related modulation of stop gap intervals. Therefore, these data suggest that speakers with PD exhibited changes in silent interval durations that were more so associated with modulation of speech prosody than articulation when using a clearer speaking style.</jats:p> </jats:sec>
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spelling Gravelin, Anna C. Whitfield, Jason A. 1058-0360 1558-9110 American Speech Language Hearing Association Speech and Hearing Linguistics and Language Developmental and Educational Psychology Otorhinolaryngology http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_ajslp-msc18-18-0102 <jats:sec> <jats:title>Purpose</jats:title> <jats:p>The purpose of the current investigation was to determine the extent to which individuals with and without Parkinson disease (PD) modified silent interval durations when using a clear speaking style.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Method</jats:title> <jats:p>Ten individuals with idiopathic PD and 10 older adult control speakers produced a reading passage using both habitual and clear speaking styles. Silent intervals lasting 15 ms and longer were identified and extracted. Each silent interval was categorized according to the surrounding syntactic context of the reading passage. In addition, voiceless stop gaps that occurred within words, phrases, or clauses were categorized by the preceding phonemic context.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Results</jats:title> <jats:p>Statistical analyses revealed that all participants increased silent interval duration with a clear speaking style at inter-sentence and intra-sentence syntactic boundaries. Compared to controls, individuals with PD exhibited significantly less increase in silent interval durations at these syntactic boundaries. Control speakers also increased silent stop gap durations in the clear speaking style regardless of preceding phonemic context. Individuals with PD, however, only increased stop gap duration when the silent interval was preceded by a sonorant.</jats:p> </jats:sec> <jats:sec> <jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title> <jats:p>These findings suggest that speakers with PD exhibit less clarity-related increase in silent interval duration than control speakers. In addition, speakers with PD exhibited significant increases in silent interval duration that coincided with syntactic boundaries of the reading passage but little to no clarity-related modulation of stop gap intervals. Therefore, these data suggest that speakers with PD exhibited changes in silent interval durations that were more so associated with modulation of speech prosody than articulation when using a clearer speaking style.</jats:p> </jats:sec> Effect of Clear Speech on the Duration of Silent Intervals at Syntactic and Phonemic Boundaries in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson Disease American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology
spellingShingle Gravelin, Anna C., Whitfield, Jason A., American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, Effect of Clear Speech on the Duration of Silent Intervals at Syntactic and Phonemic Boundaries in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson Disease, Speech and Hearing, Linguistics and Language, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Otorhinolaryngology
title Effect of Clear Speech on the Duration of Silent Intervals at Syntactic and Phonemic Boundaries in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson Disease
title_full Effect of Clear Speech on the Duration of Silent Intervals at Syntactic and Phonemic Boundaries in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson Disease
title_fullStr Effect of Clear Speech on the Duration of Silent Intervals at Syntactic and Phonemic Boundaries in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson Disease
title_full_unstemmed Effect of Clear Speech on the Duration of Silent Intervals at Syntactic and Phonemic Boundaries in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson Disease
title_short Effect of Clear Speech on the Duration of Silent Intervals at Syntactic and Phonemic Boundaries in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson Disease
title_sort effect of clear speech on the duration of silent intervals at syntactic and phonemic boundaries in the speech of individuals with parkinson disease
title_unstemmed Effect of Clear Speech on the Duration of Silent Intervals at Syntactic and Phonemic Boundaries in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson Disease
topic Speech and Hearing, Linguistics and Language, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Otorhinolaryngology
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_ajslp-msc18-18-0102